{"id":4487,"date":"2022-04-06T09:56:51","date_gmt":"2022-04-06T09:56:51","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/umschool.net\/library\/?p=4487"},"modified":"2023-01-16T16:10:01","modified_gmt":"2023-01-16T16:10:01","slug":"elementy-iva-gruppy-kremnij","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/umschool.net\/library\/himiya\/elementy-iva-gruppy-kremnij\/","title":{"rendered":"\u042d\u043b\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u044b IV\u0410 \u0433\u0440\u0443\u043f\u043f\u044b. \u041a\u0440\u0435\u043c\u043d\u0438\u0439"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<h3 class=\"has-text-align-center wp-block-heading\"><strong>\u041d\u0430 \u044d\u0442\u043e\u0439 \u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0446\u0435 \u0432\u044b \u0443\u0437\u043d\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0435:&nbsp;<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>\u0424\u0438\u0437\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0435 \u0438 \u0445\u0438\u043c\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0435 \u0441\u0432\u043e\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430 \u043a\u0440\u0435\u043c\u043d\u0438\u044f;<\/li><li>\u041f\u0435\u0441\u043e\u043a \u0442\u043e\u0436\u0435 \u0441 \u043a\u0440\u0435\u043c\u043d\u0438\u0435\u043c: \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0431\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043c \u0441\u043e\u0435\u0434\u0438\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043a\u0440\u0435\u043c\u043d\u0438\u044f \u2014 \u0441\u0438\u043b\u0430\u043d\u044b, \u043e\u043a\u0441\u0438\u0434\u044b, \u0441\u0438\u043b\u0438\u043a\u0430\u0442\u044b;<\/li><li>\u0415\u0434\u0438\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0438 \u043d\u0435\u043f\u043e\u0432\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0430\u044f \u2014 \u043f\u043e\u0433\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0440\u0438\u043c \u043e \u0441\u0432\u043e\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430\u0445 \u043a\u0440\u0435\u043c\u043d\u0438\u0435\u0432\u043e\u0439 \u043a\u0438\u0441\u043b\u043e\u0442\u044b.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0412 \u0447\u0430\u0439\u043d\u043e\u043c \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0438\u0437\u0435 \u0442\u0432\u043e\u0435\u0439 \u0431\u0430\u0431\u0443\u0448\u043a\u0438 \u043e\u0431\u044f\u0437\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e \u043d\u0430\u0439\u0434\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043a\u0440\u0435\u043c\u043d\u0438\u0439, \u0442\u0430\u043a \u043a\u0430\u043a \u0434\u0438\u043e\u043a\u0441\u0438\u0434 \u043a\u0440\u0435\u043c\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0432\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0442 \u0432 \u0441\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432 \u0441\u0442\u0435\u043a\u043b\u0430. \u041d\u0443 \u0430 \u0437\u0430\u0433\u043e\u0440\u0430\u0442\u044c \u043d\u0430 \u043f\u043b\u044f\u0436\u0435 \u0431\u0435\u0437 \u043f\u0435\u0441\u043e\u0447\u043a\u0430 (SiO<sub>2<\/sub>) \u043d\u0443 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442\u043e \u043d\u0435\u0432\u043e\u0437\u043c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u043e (\u043f\u0435\u0441\u043e\u043a \u0432\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0435\u0447\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043d\u0430 \u043a\u0430\u0436\u0434\u043e\u043c \u0448\u0430\u0433\u0443).&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"has-text-align-center wp-block-heading\">\u041a\u0440\u0435\u043c\u043d\u0438\u0439<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p id=\"\u0423\u0433\u043b\u0435\u0440\u043e\u0434_\u0438_\u041a\u0440\u0435\u043c\u043d\u0438\u0439\">\u041a\u0440\u0435\u043c\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u0432\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0435\u0447\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0432\u043e \u043c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u0438\u0445 \u0432\u0435\u0449\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430\u0445 \u0438 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043c\u0435\u0442\u0430\u0445, \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0435 \u043d\u0430\u0441 \u043e\u043a\u0440\u0443\u0436\u0430\u044e\u0442. \u0414\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0447\u043d\u043e \u0432\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043c\u043d\u0438\u0442\u044c \u0442\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u043e \u0441\u043e\u043b\u043d\u0435\u0447\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0431\u0430\u0442\u0430\u0440\u0435\u0438, \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0435 \u0441\u043b\u0443\u0436\u0430\u0442 \u0430\u043b\u044c\u0442\u0435\u0440\u043d\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0432\u043d\u044b\u043c \u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0447\u043d\u0438\u043a\u043e\u043c \u044d\u043d\u0435\u0440\u0433\u0438\u0438!&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0422\u0430\u043a \u0447\u0442\u043e \u0436\u0435 \u0438\u0437 \u0441\u0435\u0431\u044f \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043b\u044f\u0435\u0442 \u043a\u0440\u0435\u043c\u043d\u0438\u0439? \u041e\u043d, \u043a\u0430\u043a \u0438 \u0443\u0433\u043b\u0435\u0440\u043e\u0434, \u043d\u0430\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0432 IVA-\u0433\u0440\u0443\u043f\u043f\u0435 \u0438 \u0438\u043c\u0435\u0435\u0442 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0444\u0438\u0433\u0443\u0440\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044e \u0432\u043d\u0435\u0448\u043d\u0435\u0433\u043e \u044d\u043b\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0441\u043b\u043e\u044f <strong>3s<sup>2<\/sup>3p<sup>2<\/sup><\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter size-large is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"\/library\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/06\/frame-1024x291.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-8344\" width=\"256\" height=\"73\" srcset=\"\/library\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/06\/frame-1024x291.png 1024w, \/library\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/06\/frame-300x85.png 300w, \/library\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/06\/frame-768x219.png 768w, \/library\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/06\/frame-1536x437.png 1536w, \/library\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/06\/frame.png 1599w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 256px) 100vw, 256px\" \/><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0412 \u0432\u043e\u0437\u0431\u0443\u0436\u0434\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u043c \u0441\u043e\u0441\u0442\u043e\u044f\u043d\u0438\u0438 \u044d\u043b\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043d\u044b \u043d\u0430 s-\u043e\u0440\u0431\u0438\u0442\u0430\u043b\u0438 \u0440\u0430\u0441\u043f\u0430\u0440\u0438\u0432\u0430\u044e\u0442\u0441\u044f, \u0438 \u043e\u0434\u0438\u043d \u0438\u0437 \u043d\u0438\u0445 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0441\u0435\u043b\u044f\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043d\u0430<strong> p-\u043e\u0440\u0431\u0438\u0442\u0430\u043b\u044c<\/strong>. \u0412 \u0440\u0435\u0437\u0443\u043b\u044c\u0442\u0430\u0442\u0435, \u0430\u0442\u043e\u043c \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043e\u0431\u0440\u0435\u0442\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0444\u0438\u0433\u0443\u0440\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044e <strong>ns<\/strong><strong><sup>1<\/sup><\/strong><strong>np<\/strong><strong><sup>3<\/sup><\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0412 \u0432\u043e\u0437\u0431\u0443\u0436\u0434\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u043c \u0441\u043e\u0441\u0442\u043e\u044f\u043d\u0438\u0438 \u0447\u0438\u0441\u043b\u043e \u043d\u0435\u0441\u043f\u0430\u0440\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0430\u0442\u043e\u043c\u043e\u0432 \u043a\u0440\u0435\u043c\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0432\u043e\u0437\u0440\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0434\u043e \u0447\u0435\u0442\u044b\u0440\u0435\u0445, \u0438 \u043a\u0440\u0435\u043c\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043e\u0431\u0440\u0435\u0442\u0430\u0435\u0442<strong> \u0432\u0430\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0442\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c IV<\/strong>:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"296\" src=\"\/library\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/2-logo-2-1024x296.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-4489\" srcset=\"\/library\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/2-logo-2-1024x296.png 1024w, \/library\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/2-logo-2-300x87.png 300w, \/library\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/2-logo-2-768x222.png 768w, \/library\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/2-logo-2.png 1347w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-background\" style=\"background-color:#e9e0f1\">\u0423 \u043a\u0440\u0435\u043c\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0432\u043e\u0437\u043c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u044b \u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u0443\u044e\u0449\u0438\u0435 \u0441\u0442\u0435\u043f\u0435\u043d\u0438 \u043e\u043a\u0438\u0441\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f: <strong>-4, +2, +4<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"has-text-align-center wp-block-heading\" id=\"\u0444\u0438\u0437\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0435_\u0441\u0432\u043e\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430_\u043a\u0440\u0435\u043c\u043d\u0438\u044f\"><strong>\u0424\u0438\u0437\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0435 \u0441\u0432\u043e\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table><tbody><tr><td>\u041a\u0440\u0435\u043c\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u2014 \u0432\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0439 \u043f\u043e \u0440\u0430\u0441\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u044d\u043b\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442 \u043d\u0430 \u0417\u0435\u043c\u043b\u0435 (\u043f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0435 \u043a\u0438\u0441\u043b\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0434\u0430). \u041a\u0440\u0435\u043c\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u0432\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0435\u0447\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0442\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u043e \u0432 \u0432\u0438\u0434\u0435 \u0441\u043b\u043e\u0436\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0432\u0435\u0449\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432, \u0442\u0430\u043a\u0438\u0445 \u043a\u0430\u043a <strong>\u0433\u043e\u0440\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0445\u0440\u0443\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043b\u044c, \u043a\u0432\u0430\u0440\u0446, \u043a\u0440\u0435\u043c\u043d\u0435\u0437\u0435\u043c<\/strong>.<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter size-large is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"\/library\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/16-1-1-1024x1024.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-4490\" width=\"256\" height=\"256\" srcset=\"\/library\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/16-1-1-1024x1024.png 1024w, \/library\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/16-1-1-300x300.png 300w, \/library\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/16-1-1-150x150.png 150w, \/library\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/16-1-1-768x768.png 768w, \/library\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/16-1-1-1536x1536.png 1536w, \/library\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/16-1-1.png 2000w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 256px) 100vw, 256px\" \/><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>\u041a\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043b\u043b\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0430\u044f \u0440\u0435\u0448\u0451\u0442\u043a\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0432\u0435\u0449\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430 \u043a\u0440\u0435\u043c\u043d\u0438\u044f \u2014 <strong>\u0430\u0442\u043e\u043c\u043d\u0430\u044f<\/strong>, \u0441\u0430\u043c \u043a\u0440\u0435\u043c\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043b\u044f\u0435\u0442 \u0441\u043e\u0431\u043e\u0439 \u0432\u0435\u0449\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e \u0442\u0435\u043c\u043d\u043e-\u0441\u0435\u0440\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0446\u0432\u0435\u0442\u0430 \u0441 \u043c\u0435\u0442\u0430\u043b\u043b\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u043c \u0431\u043b\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043c. \u042f\u0432\u043b\u044f\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043f\u043e\u043b\u0443\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0434\u043d\u0438\u043a\u043e\u043c.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"has-text-align-center wp-block-heading\" id=\"\u0445\u0438\u043c\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0435_\u0441\u0432\u043e\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430_\u043a\u0440\u0435\u043c\u043d\u0438\u044f\"><strong>\u0425\u0438\u043c\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0435 \u0441\u0432\u043e\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430 \u043a\u0440\u0435\u043c\u043d\u0438\u044f<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p id=\"\u0443\u0433\u043b\u0435\u0440\u043e\u0434_\u0438_\u043a\u0440\u0435\u043c\u043d\u0438\u0439_\u0445\u0438\u043c\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0435_\u0441\u0432\u043e\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430_\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044b\u0445_\u0432\u0435\u0449\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\"><span id=\"\u0445\u0438\u043c\u0438\u044f_\u043a\u0440\u0435\u043c\u043d\u0438\u044f_\u0438_\u0435\u0433\u043e_\u0441\u043e\u0435\u0434\u0438\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0439\"><\/span>\u0423 \u043a\u0440\u0435\u043c\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043e\u0442\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e \u043d\u0438\u0437\u043a\u0430\u044f \u044d\u043b\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043e\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0446\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c. \u0410 \u0447\u0442\u043e \u044d\u0442\u043e \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0438\u0442? \u042d\u0442\u043e \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0438\u0442, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u043e\u043d \u0431\u0443\u0434\u0435\u0442 \u044f\u0440\u043e \u043f\u0440\u043e\u044f\u0432\u043b\u044f\u0442\u044c <strong>\u0432\u043e\u0441\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0441\u0432\u043e\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430<\/strong>, \u0434\u0430\u0436\u0435 \u0435\u0449\u0451 \u0431\u043e\u043b\u0435\u0435 \u0432\u044b\u0440\u0430\u0436\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0447\u0435\u043c \u0443 \u0443\u0433\u043b\u0435\u0440\u043e\u0434\u0430! \u041f\u043e\u044d\u0442\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u0438\u0437 \u043d\u0435\u043c\u0435\u0442\u0430\u043b\u043b\u043e\u0432 \u0431\u0443\u0434\u0435\u0442 \u0432\u0441\u0442\u0443\u043f\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0432 \u0440\u0435\u0430\u043a\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u0441 \u0442\u0438\u043f\u0438\u0447\u043d\u044b\u043c\u0438 \u043e\u043a\u0438\u0441\u043b\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044f\u043c\u0438, \u043f\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0448\u0430\u044f \u0441\u0432\u043e\u044e \u0441\u0442\u0435\u043f\u0435\u043d\u044c \u043e\u043a\u0438\u0441\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f <strong>\u0434\u043e +4<\/strong>:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter size-large is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"\/library\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/3-13.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-4491\" width=\"352\" height=\"100\" srcset=\"\/library\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/3-13.png 964w, \/library\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/3-13-300x86.png 300w, \/library\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/3-13-768x219.png 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 352px) 100vw, 352px\" \/><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>\u0420\u0435\u0430\u043a\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u0441 \u043d\u0435\u043c\u0435\u0442\u0430\u043b\u043b\u0430\u043c\u0438<\/strong><\/li><\/ol>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter size-large is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"\/library\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/4-logo-1024x473.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-4492\" width=\"632\" height=\"292\" srcset=\"\/library\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/4-logo-1024x473.png 1024w, \/library\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/4-logo-300x139.png 300w, \/library\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/4-logo-768x355.png 768w, \/library\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/4-logo-1536x710.png 1536w, \/library\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/4-logo-2048x946.png 2048w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 632px) 100vw, 632px\" \/><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table><tbody><tr><td>\u041a\u0440\u0435\u043c\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u043d\u0435 \u0440\u0435\u0430\u0433\u0438\u0440\u0443\u0435\u0442 \u0441 \u0432\u043e\u0434\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0434\u043e\u043c \u0438 \u0444\u043e\u0441\u0444\u043e\u0440\u043e\u043c \u0432 \u0441\u0438\u043b\u0443 \u0431\u043b\u0438\u0437\u043a\u0438\u0445 \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u044d\u043b\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043e\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0446\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0435\u0439!<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\" start=\"2\"><li><strong>\u0420\u0435\u0430\u043a\u0446\u0438\u044f \u0441\u043e \u0449\u0435\u043b\u043e\u0447\u0430\u043c\u0438&nbsp;<\/strong><\/li><\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0412 \u043e\u0442\u043b\u0438\u0447\u0438\u0435 \u043e\u0442 \u0434\u0440\u0443\u0433\u0438\u0445 \u043d\u0435\u043c\u0435\u0442\u0430\u043b\u043b\u043e\u0432, \u0440\u0435\u0430\u0433\u0438\u0440\u0443\u044e\u0449\u0438\u0445 \u0441\u043e \u0449\u0435\u043b\u043e\u0447\u0430\u043c\u0438, \u043a\u0440\u0435\u043c\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u044f\u0432\u043b\u044f\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0432 \u044d\u0442\u0438\u0445 \u0440\u0435\u0430\u043a\u0446\u0438\u044f\u0445 \u0442\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u043e \u0432\u043e\u0441\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u0435\u043c, \u043f\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0448\u0430\u044f \u0441\u0442\u0435\u043f\u0435\u043d\u044c \u043e\u043a\u0438\u0441\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0434\u043e +4:&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter size-large is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"\/library\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/5-8.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-4493\" width=\"253\" height=\"35\" srcset=\"\/library\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/5-8.png 1011w, \/library\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/5-8-300x42.png 300w, \/library\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/5-8-768x106.png 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 253px) 100vw, 253px\" \/><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\" start=\"3\"><li><strong>\u0410 \u0441 \u043e\u043a\u0438\u0441\u043b\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044f\u043c\u0438 \u0440\u0435\u0430\u043a\u0446\u0438\u044f \u0438\u0434\u0435\u0442?&nbsp;<\/strong><\/li><\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p>\u041a\u043e\u043d\u0435\u0447\u043d\u043e! \u041d\u043e \u043d\u0435 \u0441\u043e \u0432\u0441\u0435\u043c\u0438. \u041e\u0442\u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0442\u044c \u044d\u043b\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043d\u044b \u00ab\u0441\u043b\u0430\u0431\u0435\u043d\u044c\u043a\u0438\u0439\u00bb \u043a\u0440\u0435\u043c\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u0441\u043f\u043e\u0441\u043e\u0431\u0435\u043d \u0442\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u043e \u0443 \u0441\u0430\u043c\u044b\u0445 \u0441\u043b\u0430\u0431\u044b\u0445 \u2014 <strong>\u0443 \u043c\u0435\u0442\u0430\u043b\u043b\u043e\u0432<\/strong>. \u041a\u0430\u043a \u0438 \u0443\u0433\u043b\u0435\u0440\u043e\u0434, \u043a\u0440\u0435\u043c\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u0440\u0435\u0430\u0433\u0438\u0440\u0443\u0435\u0442 \u0432 \u043e\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043d\u043e\u043c \u0441 \u043c\u0435\u0442\u0430\u043b\u043b\u0430\u043c\u0438 \u0430\u043a\u0442\u0438\u0432\u043d\u044b\u043c\u0438 \u0438 \u0441\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043d\u0435\u0439 \u0430\u043a\u0442\u0438\u0432\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438, \u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0437\u0443\u044f <strong>\u0441\u0438\u043b\u0438\u0446\u0438\u0434\u044b<\/strong>:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter size-large is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"\/library\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/6-7.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-4494\" width=\"173\" height=\"92\" srcset=\"\/library\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/6-7.png 693w, \/library\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/6-7-300x159.png 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 173px) 100vw, 173px\" \/><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>\u041a\u0430\u043a \u0438 \u043c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u0438\u0435 \u0434\u0440\u0443\u0433\u0438\u0435 \u0431\u0438\u043d\u0430\u0440\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0441\u043e\u0435\u0434\u0438\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f, \u0441\u0438\u043b\u0438\u0446\u0438\u0434\u044b \u043c\u0435\u0442\u0430\u043b\u043b\u043e\u0432 \u043c\u043e\u0433\u0443\u0442 \u0433\u0438\u0434\u0440\u043e\u043b\u0438\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f:&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter size-large is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"\/library\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/7-4.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-4495\" width=\"297\" height=\"167\" srcset=\"\/library\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/7-4.png 942w, \/library\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/7-4-300x169.png 300w, \/library\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/7-4-768x432.png 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 297px) 100vw, 297px\" \/><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>\u041e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0437\u0443\u044e\u0449\u0438\u0439\u0441\u044f \u0431\u0435\u0441\u0446\u0432\u0435\u0442\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0433\u0430\u0437 \u0441 \u043d\u0435\u043f\u0440\u0438\u044f\u0442\u043d\u044b\u043c \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0430\u0445\u043e\u043c \u2014 <strong>\u0441\u0438\u043b\u0430\u043d <\/strong>\u2014 \u0437\u0430 \u0441\u0447\u0451\u0442 \u0441\u0442\u0435\u043f\u0435\u043d\u0438 \u043e\u043a\u0438\u0441\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043a\u0440\u0435\u043c\u043d\u0438\u044f -4 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u044f\u0432\u043b\u044f\u0435\u0442 \u0432\u043e\u0441\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0441\u0432\u043e\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430 \u0438 \u0441\u043f\u043e\u0441\u043e\u0431\u0435\u043d \u0440\u0435\u0430\u0433\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0441 \u043e\u043a\u0438\u0441\u043b\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044f\u043c\u0438 (\u043d\u0430\u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0440, \u0441 \u043a\u0438\u0441\u043b\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0434\u043e\u043c):&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter size-large is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"\/library\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/06\/screenshot_3-1024x106.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-8345\" width=\"256\" height=\"27\" srcset=\"\/library\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/06\/screenshot_3-1024x106.png 1024w, \/library\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/06\/screenshot_3-300x31.png 300w, \/library\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/06\/screenshot_3-768x79.png 768w, \/library\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/06\/screenshot_3.png 1308w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 256px) 100vw, 256px\" \/><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>(\u043e\u043a\u0441\u0438\u0434 \u043a\u0440\u0435\u043c\u043d\u0438\u044f(IV) \u0432\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0442 \u0432 \u0441\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432 <strong>\u043f\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0430<\/strong>, \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0439 \u043c\u044b \u0432\u0438\u0434\u0438\u043c \u043d\u0430 \u0443\u043b\u0438\u0446\u0435)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u041f\u043e\u043b\u0443\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043a\u0440\u0435\u043c\u043d\u0438\u044f<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u041a\u0440\u0435\u043c\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u0432 \u043e\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043d\u043e\u043c \u043f\u043e\u043b\u0443\u0447\u0430\u044e\u0442 \u0432\u043e\u0441\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435\u043c \u0438\u0437 \u0434\u0438\u043e\u043a\u0441\u0438\u0434\u0430 \u043a\u0440\u0435\u043c\u043d\u0438\u044f SiO<sub>2<\/sub> \u0441\u0438\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u043c\u0438 \u0432\u043e\u0441\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044f\u043c\u0438: \u0443\u0433\u043b\u0435\u0440\u043e\u0434\u043e\u043c, \u043c\u0435\u0442\u0430\u043b\u043b\u0430\u043c\u0438:&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter size-large is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"\/library\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/9-5.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-4497\" width=\"305\" height=\"113\" srcset=\"\/library\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/9-5.png 705w, \/library\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/9-5-300x111.png 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 305px) 100vw, 305px\" \/><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"has-text-align-center wp-block-heading\" id=\"\u043e\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043d\u044b\u0435_\u0441\u043e\u0435\u0434\u0438\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f_\u043a\u0440\u0435\u043c\u043d\u0438\u044f_\u043e\u043a\u0441\u0438\u0434\u044b_\u043a\u0440\u0435\u043c\u043d\u0438\u044f_\u0438_\u0438\u0445_\u0444\u0438\u0437\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0435_\u0438_\u0445\u0438\u043c\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0435_\u0441\u0432\u043e\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430\"><strong id=\"\u043e\u043a\u0441\u0438\u0434\u044b_\u043a\u0438\u0441\u043b\u043e\u0442\u044b_\u0438_\u0441\u043e\u043b\u0438_\u0443\u0433\u043b\u0435\u0440\u043e\u0434\u0430_\u0438_\u043a\u0440\u0435\u043c\u043d\u0438\u044f\"><span id=\"\u0445\u0438\u043c\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0435_\u0441\u0432\u043e\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430_\u043e\u043a\u0441\u0438\u0434\u043e\u0432_\u0443\u0433\u043b\u0435\u0440\u043e\u0434\u0430_\u0438_\u043a\u0440\u0435\u043c\u043d\u0438\u044f\"><\/span>\u041e\u043a\u0441\u0438\u0434 \u043a\u0440\u0435\u043c\u043d\u0438\u044f (IV) \u2014 \u043a\u0440\u0435\u043c\u043d\u0435\u0437\u0451\u043c SiO<sub>2<\/sub><\/strong>&nbsp;<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-background\" style=\"background-color:#e9e0f1\">\u0414\u0438\u043e\u043a\u0441\u0438\u0434 \u043a\u0440\u0435\u043c\u043d\u0438\u044f \u2014 <strong>\u043a\u0438\u0441\u043b\u043e\u0442\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u043e\u043a\u0441\u0438\u0434<\/strong>, \u0433\u043b\u0430\u0432\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u043e\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0442 \u043f\u043e\u0447\u0442\u0438 \u0432\u0441\u0435\u0445 \u0437\u0435\u043c\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0433\u043e\u0440\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043f\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0434. \u0418\u0437 \u043a\u0440\u0435\u043c\u043d\u0435\u0437\u0435\u043c\u0430 \u0438 \u0441\u0438\u043b\u0438\u043a\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0432 \u0441\u043e\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0438\u0442 \u043f\u043e\u0447\u0442\u0438 90 % \u043c\u0430\u0441\u0441\u044b \u043b\u0438\u0442\u043e\u0441\u0444\u0435\u0440\u044b.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>\u0420\u0435\u0430\u043a\u0446\u0438\u044f \u0441 \u0432\u043e\u0434\u043e\u0439<\/strong><\/li><\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p>\u041f\u043e\u0447\u0435\u043c\u0443 \u0436\u0435 \u0434\u0438\u043e\u043a\u0441\u0438\u0434 \u043a\u0440\u0435\u043c\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0442\u0430\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u0438\u0441\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0439? \u0414\u0430 \u0432\u0441\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u0442\u043e\u043c\u0443, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u044d\u0442\u043e \u2014 \u0435\u0434\u0438\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u043a\u0438\u0441\u043b\u043e\u0442\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u043e\u043a\u0441\u0438\u0434, \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0439 <strong>\u043d\u0435 \u0440\u0435\u0430\u0433\u0438\u0440\u0443\u0435\u0442 \u0441 \u0432\u043e\u0434\u043e\u0439<\/strong>! \u041a\u0430\u043a \u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0438\u0435, \u0435\u043c\u0443 \u0441\u043e\u043e\u0442\u0432\u0435\u0442\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0443\u0435\u0442 \u043d\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0430\u044f <strong>\u043a\u0440\u0435\u043c\u043d\u0438\u0435\u0432\u0430\u044f \u043a\u0438\u0441\u043b\u043e\u0442\u0430 H<sub>2<\/sub>SiO<sub>3<\/sub><\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\" start=\"2\"><li><strong>\u041e\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043d\u043e-\u043a\u0438\u0441\u043b\u043e\u0442\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u0432\u0437\u0430\u0438\u043c\u043e\u0434\u0435\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0438\u0435<\/strong><\/li><\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p>\u041a\u0430\u043a \u043a\u0438\u0441\u043b\u043e\u0442\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u043e\u043a\u0441\u0438\u0434, SiO<sub>2<\/sub> \u043f\u0440\u043e\u044f\u0432\u043b\u044f\u0435\u0442 <strong>\u043a\u0438\u0441\u043b\u043e\u0442\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0441\u0432\u043e\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430<\/strong>, \u0430 \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0438\u0442, \u0441\u043f\u043e\u0441\u043e\u0431\u0435\u043d \u0432\u0437\u0430\u0438\u043c\u043e\u0434\u0435\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0441 \u0432\u0435\u0449\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430\u043c\u0438, \u043f\u0440\u043e\u044f\u0432\u043b\u044f\u044e\u0449\u0438\u043c\u0438 \u043e\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0441\u0432\u043e\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430, \u0441 \u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435\u043c \u0441\u043e\u043b\u0435\u0439 \u2014 <strong>\u0441\u0438\u043b\u0438\u043a\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0432<\/strong>:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter size-large is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"\/library\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/10-1.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-4498\" width=\"322\" height=\"233\" srcset=\"\/library\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/10-1.png 874w, \/library\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/10-1-300x216.png 300w, \/library\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/10-1-768x553.png 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 322px) 100vw, 322px\" \/><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\" start=\"3\"><li><strong>\u0410 \u0432 \u0440\u0435\u0430\u043a\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u0432\u044b\u0442\u0435\u0441\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0432\u0441\u0442\u0443\u043f\u0430\u0435\u0442?&nbsp;<\/strong><\/li><\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0414\u0430! SiO<sub>2<\/sub> \u0432 \u0440\u0435\u0430\u043a\u0446\u0438\u044f\u0445 \u0432\u044b\u0442\u0435\u0441\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u2014 \u0443\u0441\u043b\u043e\u0432\u043d\u043e \u00ab\u0441\u0438\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0439\u00bb \u043e\u043a\u0441\u0438\u0434, \u0441\u043f\u043e\u0441\u043e\u0431\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0432\u044b\u0442\u0435\u0441\u043d\u044f\u0442\u044c \u0443\u0441\u043b\u043e\u0432\u043d\u043e \u00ab\u0441\u043b\u0430\u0431\u044b\u0435\u00bb (CO<sub>2<\/sub>, SO<sub>2<\/sub>) \u0438\u0437 \u0438\u0445 \u0441\u043e\u043b\u0435\u0439 \u043f\u0440\u0438 \u0441\u043f\u043b\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0438 (t):&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter size-large is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"\/library\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/11-2.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-4499\" width=\"418\" height=\"144\" srcset=\"\/library\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/11-2.png 972w, \/library\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/11-2-300x103.png 300w, \/library\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/11-2-768x264.png 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 418px) 100vw, 418px\" \/><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\" start=\"4\"><li><strong>\u0420\u0435\u0430\u043a\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u0441 \u043e\u043a\u0438\u0441\u043b\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044f\u043c\u0438&nbsp;<\/strong><\/li><\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0417\u0430 \u0441\u0447\u0451\u0442 \u0432\u044b\u0441\u043e\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u0441\u0442\u0435\u043f\u0435\u043d\u0438 \u043e\u043a\u0438\u0441\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043a\u0440\u0435\u043c\u043d\u0438\u044f +4 SiO<sub>2<\/sub> \u043f\u0440\u043e\u044f\u0432\u043b\u044f\u0435\u0442 \u0441\u043b\u0430\u0431\u043e \u0432\u044b\u0440\u0430\u0436\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 <strong>\u043e\u043a\u0438\u0441\u043b\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0441\u0432\u043e\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430<\/strong> \u0438 \u043c\u043e\u0436\u0435\u0442 \u0432\u0441\u0442\u0443\u043f\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0432 \u041e\u0412\u0420, \u043a\u0430\u043a \u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0438\u043b\u043e, \u0442\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u043e \u0441 \u043e\u0447\u0435\u043d\u044c \u0441\u0438\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u043c\u0438 \u0432\u043e\u0441\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044f\u043c\u0438 (\u043d\u0430\u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0440, \u0443\u0433\u043b\u0435\u0440\u043e\u0434\u043e\u043c \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u043c\u0435\u0442\u0430\u043b\u043b\u0430\u043c\u0438):&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter size-large is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"\/library\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/12-3.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-4500\" width=\"352\" height=\"131\" srcset=\"\/library\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/12-3.png 705w, \/library\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/12-3-300x111.png 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 352px) 100vw, 352px\" \/><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"has-text-align-center wp-block-heading\" id=\"\u043f\u043e\u043b\u0443\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435_\u0444\u0438\u0437\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0435_\u0438_\u0445\u0438\u043c\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0435_\u0441\u0432\u043e\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430_\u043a\u0440\u0435\u043c\u043d\u0438\u0435\u0432\u043e\u0439_\u043a\u0438\u0441\u043b\u043e\u0442\u044b\"><strong>\u0415\u0434\u0438\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0438 \u043d\u0435\u043f\u043e\u0432\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0430\u044f \u2014<\/strong> <strong>\u043a\u0440\u0435\u043c\u043d\u0438\u0435\u0432\u0430\u044f \u043a\u0438\u0441\u043b\u043e\u0442\u0430 \u0438 \u0441\u0438\u043b\u0438\u043a\u0430\u0442\u044b<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter size-large is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"\/library\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/snimok-ekrana-2022-04-02-011148.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-4501\" width=\"260\" height=\"261\" srcset=\"\/library\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/snimok-ekrana-2022-04-02-011148.png 922w, \/library\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/snimok-ekrana-2022-04-02-011148-300x300.png 300w, \/library\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/snimok-ekrana-2022-04-02-011148-150x150.png 150w, \/library\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/snimok-ekrana-2022-04-02-011148-768x770.png 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 260px) 100vw, 260px\" \/><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>\u041a\u0440\u0435\u043c\u043d\u0438\u0435\u0432\u0430\u044f \u043a\u0438\u0441\u043b\u043e\u0442\u0430, \u0445\u043e\u0442\u044c \u0438 \u043d\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0430, \u043d\u043e \u0432\u0441\u0451-\u0442\u0430\u043a\u0438 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u044f\u0432\u043b\u044f\u0435\u0442 <strong>\u043a\u0438\u0441\u043b\u043e\u0442\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0441\u0432\u043e\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430<\/strong>, \u0432\u0437\u0430\u0438\u043c\u043e\u0434\u0435\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0443\u044f \u0441 \u0441\u0438\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u043c\u0438 \u043e\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f\u043c\u0438 (\u0449\u0435\u043b\u043e\u0447\u0430\u043c\u0438):&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter size-large is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"\/library\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/13-1-1-1024x366.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-4502\" width=\"388\" height=\"139\" srcset=\"\/library\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/13-1-1-1024x366.png 1024w, \/library\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/13-1-1-300x107.png 300w, \/library\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/13-1-1-768x275.png 768w, \/library\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/13-1-1.png 1057w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 388px) 100vw, 388px\" \/><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table><tbody><tr><td>\u0410 \u0435\u0449\u0451 \u0441\u0438\u043b\u0438\u043a\u0430\u0442\u044b \u0440\u0430\u0437\u043b\u0438\u0447\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043c\u0435\u0442\u0430\u043b\u043b\u043e\u0432 \u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0437\u0443\u044e\u0442 \u043a\u0440\u0430\u0441\u0438\u0432\u044b\u0435 \u043d\u0438\u0442\u0435\u0432\u0438\u0434\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043a\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043b\u043b\u044b, \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0435 \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u0443\u044e\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0432 \u044d\u043a\u0441\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0435 \u00ab \u0441\u0438\u043b\u0438\u043a\u0430\u0442\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0441\u0430\u0434\u00bb!&nbsp;<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p id=\"\u0441\u0432\u043e\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430_\u0441\u0438\u043b\u0438\u043a\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0432_\u0438_\u0438\u0445_\u043f\u043e\u043b\u0443\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435\">\u0415\u0451 \u0441\u043e\u043b\u0438 \u2014 <strong>\u0441\u0438\u043b\u0438\u043a\u0430\u0442\u044b<\/strong>, \u043a\u0430\u043a \u0438 \u0434\u0440\u0443\u0433\u0438\u0435 \u0441\u043e\u043b\u0438, \u044f\u0432\u043b\u044f\u044e\u0442\u0441\u044f \u044d\u043b\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043b\u0438\u0442\u0430\u043c\u0438, \u0430 \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0438\u0442, \u0441\u043f\u043e\u0441\u043e\u0431\u043d\u044b \u0432\u0441\u0442\u0443\u043f\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0432 \u0420\u0418\u041e \u0441 \u0434\u0440\u0443\u0433\u0438\u043c\u0438 \u044d\u043b\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043b\u0438\u0442\u0430\u043c\u0438: \u0441\u043e\u043b\u044f\u043c\u0438, \u043e\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f\u043c\u0438, \u043a\u0438\u0441\u043b\u043e\u0442\u0430\u043c\u0438:&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter size-large is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"\/library\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/14-1-1-1024x330.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-4503\" width=\"454\" height=\"146\" srcset=\"\/library\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/14-1-1-1024x330.png 1024w, \/library\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/14-1-1-300x97.png 300w, \/library\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/14-1-1-768x248.png 768w, \/library\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/14-1-1.png 1237w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 454px) 100vw, 454px\" \/><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>\u041a\u0430\u043a \u043d\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e\u0440\u0438\u043c\u044b\u0439 \u0433\u0438\u0434\u0440\u043e\u043a\u0441\u0438\u0434, \u043a\u0440\u0435\u043c\u043d\u0438\u0435\u0432\u0430\u044f \u043a\u0438\u0441\u043b\u043e\u0442\u0430 \u0441\u043f\u043e\u0441\u043e\u0431\u043d\u0430 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u043b\u0430\u0433\u0430\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u043f\u0440\u0438 \u043d\u0430\u0433\u0440\u0435\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0438 \u043d\u0430 \u0432\u043e\u0434\u0443 \u0438 \u0441\u043e\u043e\u0442\u0432\u0435\u0442\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0443\u044e\u0449\u0438\u0439 \u043e\u043a\u0441\u0438\u0434:&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter size-large is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"\/library\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/15-1.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-4504\" width=\"267\" height=\"54\" srcset=\"\/library\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/15-1.png 577w, \/library\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/15-1-300x60.png 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 267px) 100vw, 267px\" \/><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"has-text-align-center wp-block-heading\"><strong>\u0424\u0430\u043a\u0442\u0447\u0435\u043a<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>\u041a\u0440\u0435\u043c\u043d\u0438\u0439 <\/strong>\u2014 &nbsp;\u0445\u0438\u043c\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u044d\u043b\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442 IVA \u0433\u0440\u0443\u043f\u043f\u044b, \u0442\u0440\u0435\u0442\u044c\u0435\u0433\u043e \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0438\u043e\u0434\u0430 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0438\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u044b \u0445\u0438\u043c\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0445 \u044d\u043b\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u043e\u0432 \u0414. \u0418. \u041c\u0435\u043d\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0435\u0435\u0432\u0430, \u0441 \u0430\u0442\u043e\u043c\u043d\u044b\u043c \u043d\u043e\u043c\u0435\u0440\u043e\u043c 14.<\/li><li>\u0412\u043e\u0437\u043c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0441\u0442\u0435\u043f\u0435\u043d\u0438 \u043e\u043a\u0438\u0441\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043a\u0440\u0435\u043c\u043d\u0438\u044f: <strong>-4, +2, +4<\/strong>.<\/li><li>\u042d\u043b\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043d\u043d\u0430\u044f \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0444\u0438\u0433\u0443\u0440\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044f \u0430\u0442\u043e\u043c\u0430 \u043a\u0440\u0435\u043c\u043d\u0438\u044f: <strong>1s<\/strong><strong><sup>2<\/sup><\/strong><strong>2s<\/strong><sup>2<\/sup><strong>2p<\/strong><sup>6<\/sup><strong>3s<\/strong><sup>1<\/sup><strong>3p<\/strong><sup>3<\/sup>.<\/li><li>\u041a\u0440\u0435\u043c\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u0437\u0430 \u0441\u0447\u0451\u0442 \u043d\u0438\u0437\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u044d\u043b\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043e\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0446\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u044f\u0440\u043a\u043e \u043f\u0440\u043e\u044f\u0432\u043b\u044f\u0435\u0442<strong> \u0432\u043e\u0441\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0441\u0432\u043e\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430<\/strong>.<\/li><li>\u041a\u0440\u0435\u043c\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0437\u0443\u0435\u0442 \u043c\u043d\u043e\u0436\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e \u0441\u043e\u0435\u0434\u0438\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0439, \u0432 \u0442\u043e\u043c \u0447\u0438\u0441\u043b\u0435 <strong>\u043e\u043a\u0441\u0438\u0434 \u043a\u0440\u0435\u043c\u043d\u0438\u044f SiO<\/strong><strong><sub>2<\/sub><\/strong> \u2014 \u043a\u0438\u0441\u043b\u043e\u0442\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u043e\u043a\u0441\u0438\u0434, \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0439 \u0441\u043e\u043e\u0442\u0432\u0435\u0442\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0443\u0435\u0442 <strong>\u043a\u0440\u0435\u043c\u043d\u0438\u0435\u0432\u043e\u0439 \u043a\u0438\u0441\u043b\u043e\u0442\u0435 H<\/strong><strong><sub>2<\/sub><\/strong><strong>SiO<\/strong><strong><sub>3<\/sub><\/strong>. \u0421\u043e\u043b\u0438 \u043a\u0440\u0435\u043c\u043d\u0438\u0435\u0432\u043e\u0439 \u043a\u0438\u0441\u043b\u043e\u0442\u044b \u043d\u0430\u0437\u044b\u0432\u0430\u044e\u0442\u0441\u044f <strong>\u0441\u0438\u043b\u0438\u043a\u0430\u0442\u0430\u043c\u0438<\/strong>.&nbsp;<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"has-text-align-center wp-block-heading\"><strong>\u041f\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u044c \u0441\u0435\u0431\u044f<\/strong>&nbsp;<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u0417\u0430\u0434\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435 1.<\/strong><br>\u0421\u043a\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u043e \u043d\u0435\u0441\u043f\u0430\u0440\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u044d\u043b\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043d\u043e\u0432 \u0441\u043e\u0434\u0435\u0440\u0436\u0438\u0442 \u0430\u0442\u043e\u043c \u043a\u0440\u0435\u043c\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0432 \u0432\u043e\u0437\u0431\u0443\u0436\u0434\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u043c \u044d\u043b\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043d\u043d\u043e\u043c \u0441\u043e\u0441\u0442\u043e\u044f\u043d\u0438\u0438?&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>1 \u044d\u043b\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043d;<\/li><li>2 \u044d\u043b\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043d\u0430;<\/li><li>3 \u044d\u043b\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043d\u0430;<\/li><li>4 \u044d\u043b\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043d\u0430.<\/li><\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u0417\u0430\u0434\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435 2.<\/strong><br>\u0421 \u043a\u0430\u043a\u0438\u043c \u0438\u0437 \u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u0443\u044e\u0449\u0438\u0445 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044b\u0445 \u0432\u0435\u0449\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432 <strong>\u043d\u0435 <\/strong>\u0440\u0435\u0430\u0433\u0438\u0440\u0443\u0435\u0442 \u043a\u0440\u0435\u043c\u043d\u0438\u0439?&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>\u0423\u0433\u043b\u0435\u0440\u043e\u0434;<\/li><li>\u0411\u0440\u043e\u043c;&nbsp;<\/li><li>\u0424\u043e\u0441\u0444\u043e\u0440;&nbsp;<\/li><li>\u041a\u0438\u0441\u043b\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0434.<\/li><\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u0417\u0430\u0434\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435 3.<\/strong><br>\u0421 \u043a\u0430\u043a\u0438\u043c \u0438\u0437 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0447\u0438\u0441\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0432\u0435\u0449\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432 \u0431\u0443\u0434\u0435\u0442 \u0440\u0435\u0430\u0433\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0434\u0438\u043e\u043a\u0441\u0438\u0434 \u043a\u0440\u0435\u043c\u043d\u0438\u044f?&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>\u041a\u0430\u0440\u0431\u043e\u043d\u0430\u0442 \u043d\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0438\u044f;<\/li><li>\u0421\u0443\u043b\u044c\u0444\u0430\u0442 \u043a\u0430\u043b\u0438\u044f;&nbsp;<\/li><li>\u0425\u043b\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0434 \u0440\u0443\u0431\u0438\u0434\u0438\u044f;<\/li><li>\u041e\u0440\u0442\u043e\u0444\u043e\u0441\u0444\u0430\u0442 \u043a\u0430\u043b\u044c\u0446\u0438\u044f.&nbsp;<\/li><\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u0417\u0430\u0434\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435 4.<\/strong><br>\u041a\u0430\u043a\u043e\u0435 \u0441\u0432\u043e\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e \u043e\u0442\u043b\u0438\u0447\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u043a\u0440\u0435\u043c\u043d\u0438\u0435\u0432\u0443\u044e \u043a\u0438\u0441\u043b\u043e\u0442\u0443 \u043e\u0442 \u0434\u0440\u0443\u0433\u0438\u0445 \u043a\u0438\u0441\u043b\u043e\u0442?&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>\u041e\u043d\u0430 \u0441\u043e\u0434\u0435\u0440\u0436\u0438\u0442 \u0430\u0442\u043e\u043c\u044b \u043a\u0438\u0441\u043b\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0434\u0430;<\/li><li>\u041f\u0440\u0438 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u043d\u0430\u0442\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0442\u0435\u043c\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0443\u0440\u0435 \u043a\u0440\u0435\u043c\u043d\u0438\u0435\u0432\u0430\u044f \u043a\u0438\u0441\u043b\u043e\u0442\u0430 \u2014 \u0436\u0438\u0434\u043a\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c;<\/li><li>\u041e\u043d\u0430 \u043d\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0430 \u0432 \u0432\u043e\u0434\u0435;<\/li><li>\u041e\u043d\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u044f\u0432\u043b\u044f\u0435\u0442 \u0430\u043c\u0444\u043e\u0442\u0435\u0440\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0441\u0432\u043e\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430.&nbsp;<\/li><\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u0417\u0430\u0434\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435 5.<\/strong><br>\u041a\u0430\u043a \u043d\u0430\u0437\u044b\u0432\u0430\u044e\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0431\u0438\u043d\u0430\u0440\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0441\u043e\u0435\u0434\u0438\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043a\u0440\u0435\u043c\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0438 \u043c\u0435\u0442\u0430\u043b\u043b\u043e\u0432?&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>\u0421\u0438\u043b\u0430\u043d\u044b;<\/li><li>\u0421\u0438\u043b\u0438\u0446\u0438\u0434\u044b;<\/li><li>\u0421\u0438\u043b\u0438\u043a\u0430\u0442\u044b;<\/li><li>\u0421\u0438\u043b\u043e\u043a\u0441\u0430\u043d\u044b.&nbsp;<\/li><\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u041e\u0442\u0432\u0435\u0442\u044b: 1.<\/strong> &#8212;&nbsp; 4; <strong>2.<\/strong> &#8212; 3; <strong>3.<\/strong> &#8212; 1; <strong>4.<\/strong> &#8212; 3; <strong>5.<\/strong> &#8212; 2.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u041d\u0430 \u044d\u0442\u043e\u0439 \u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0446\u0435 \u0432\u044b \u0443\u0437\u043d\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0435:&nbsp; \u0424\u0438\u0437\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0435 \u0438 \u0445\u0438\u043c\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0435 \u0441\u0432\u043e\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430 \u043a\u0440\u0435\u043c\u043d\u0438\u044f; \u041f\u0435\u0441\u043e\u043a \u0442\u043e\u0436\u0435 \u0441 \u043a\u0440\u0435\u043c\u043d\u0438\u0435\u043c: \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0431\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043c \u0441\u043e\u0435\u0434\u0438\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043a\u0440\u0435\u043c\u043d\u0438\u044f \u2014 \u0441\u0438\u043b\u0430\u043d\u044b, \u043e\u043a\u0441\u0438\u0434\u044b, \u0441\u0438\u043b\u0438\u043a\u0430\u0442\u044b; \u0415\u0434\u0438\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0438 \u043d\u0435\u043f\u043e\u0432\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0430\u044f \u2014 \u043f\u043e\u0433\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0440\u0438\u043c \u043e \u0441\u0432\u043e\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430\u0445 \u043a\u0440\u0435\u043c\u043d\u0438\u0435\u0432\u043e\u0439 \u043a\u0438\u0441\u043b\u043e\u0442\u044b. \u0412 \u0447\u0430\u0439\u043d\u043e\u043c \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0438\u0437\u0435 \u0442\u0432\u043e\u0435\u0439 \u0431\u0430\u0431\u0443\u0448\u043a\u0438 \u043e\u0431\u044f\u0437\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e \u043d\u0430\u0439\u0434\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043a\u0440\u0435\u043c\u043d\u0438\u0439, \u0442\u0430\u043a \u043a\u0430\u043a \u0434\u0438\u043e\u043a\u0441\u0438\u0434 \u043a\u0440\u0435\u043c\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0432\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0442 \u0432 \u0441\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432 \u0441\u0442\u0435\u043a\u043b\u0430. \u041d\u0443 \u0430 \u0437\u0430\u0433\u043e\u0440\u0430\u0442\u044c \u043d\u0430 \u043f\u043b\u044f\u0436\u0435 \u0431\u0435\u0437 \u043f\u0435\u0441\u043e\u0447\u043a\u0430 (SiO2) \u043d\u0443 [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":6194,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[2],"tags":[107,103],"class_list":["post-4487","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-himiya","tag-kremnij","tag-himiya"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.3 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>\u042d\u043b\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u044b IV\u0410 \u0433\u0440\u0443\u043f\u043f\u044b. \u041a\u0440\u0435\u043c\u043d\u0438\u0439 - \u0423\u043c\u0441\u043a\u0443\u043b \u0423\u0447\u0435\u0431\u043d\u0438\u043a<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"\u042d\u043b\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u044b IV\u0410 \u0433\u0440\u0443\u043f\u043f\u044b. \u041a\u0440\u0435\u043c\u043d\u0438\u0439. \u0412\u0441\u0435 \u043e \u0445\u0438\u043c\u0438\u044f \u043f\u043e\u043d\u044f\u0442\u043d\u044b\u043c \u044f\u0437\u044b\u043a\u043e\u043c. \u041b\u0443\u0447\u0448\u0438\u0435 \u0443\u0447\u0435\u0431\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043c\u0430\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0430\u043b\u044b \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0448\u043a\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0432 \u0438 \u0432\u0437\u0440\u043e\u0441\u043b\u044b\u0445 \u043e\u0442 \u043e\u043d\u043b\u0430\u0439\u043d-\u0448\u043a\u043e\u043b\u044b \u0423\u043c\u0441\u043a\u0443\u043b.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/umschool.net\/library\/himiya\/elementy-iva-gruppy-kremnij\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"ru_RU\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"\u042d\u043b\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u044b IV\u0410 \u0433\u0440\u0443\u043f\u043f\u044b. \u041a\u0440\u0435\u043c\u043d\u0438\u0439 - \u0423\u043c\u0441\u043a\u0443\u043b \u0423\u0447\u0435\u0431\u043d\u0438\u043a\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"\u042d\u043b\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u044b IV\u0410 \u0433\u0440\u0443\u043f\u043f\u044b. \u041a\u0440\u0435\u043c\u043d\u0438\u0439. \u0412\u0441\u0435 \u043e \u0445\u0438\u043c\u0438\u044f \u043f\u043e\u043d\u044f\u0442\u043d\u044b\u043c \u044f\u0437\u044b\u043a\u043e\u043c. \u041b\u0443\u0447\u0448\u0438\u0435 \u0443\u0447\u0435\u0431\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043c\u0430\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0430\u043b\u044b \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0448\u043a\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0432 \u0438 \u0432\u0437\u0440\u043e\u0441\u043b\u044b\u0445 \u043e\u0442 \u043e\u043d\u043b\u0430\u0439\u043d-\u0448\u043a\u043e\u043b\u044b \u0423\u043c\u0441\u043a\u0443\u043b.\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/umschool.net\/library\/himiya\/elementy-iva-gruppy-kremnij\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"\u0423\u043c\u0441\u043a\u0443\u043b \u0423\u0447\u0435\u0431\u043d\u0438\u043a\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2022-04-06T09:56:51+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2023-01-16T16:10:01+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/umschool.net\/library\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/elementy-iva-gruppy.-kremnij.png\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"1874\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"1056\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/png\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"umschool\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"\u041d\u0430\u043f\u0438\u0441\u0430\u043d\u043e \u0430\u0432\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u043c\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"umschool\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"\u041f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0440\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u044f \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0447\u0442\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"7 \u043c\u0438\u043d\u0443\u0442\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\n\t    \"@context\": \"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\n\t    \"@graph\": [\n\t        {\n\t            \"@type\": \"Article\",\n\t            \"@id\": \"https:\\\/\\\/umschool.net\\\/library\\\/himiya\\\/elementy-iva-gruppy-kremnij\\\/#article\",\n\t            \"isPartOf\": {\n\t                \"@id\": \"https:\\\/\\\/umschool.net\\\/library\\\/himiya\\\/elementy-iva-gruppy-kremnij\\\/\"\n\t            },\n\t            \"author\": {\n\t                \"name\": \"umschool\",\n\t                \"@id\": \"https:\\\/\\\/umschool.net\\\/library\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/279fc031eb415325d4fa22462381fbd6\"\n\t            },\n\t            \"headline\": \"\u042d\u043b\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u044b IV\u0410 \u0433\u0440\u0443\u043f\u043f\u044b. \u041a\u0440\u0435\u043c\u043d\u0438\u0439\",\n\t            \"datePublished\": \"2022-04-06T09:56:51+00:00\",\n\t            \"dateModified\": \"2023-01-16T16:10:01+00:00\",\n\t            \"mainEntityOfPage\": {\n\t                \"@id\": \"https:\\\/\\\/umschool.net\\\/library\\\/himiya\\\/elementy-iva-gruppy-kremnij\\\/\"\n\t            },\n\t            \"wordCount\": 767,\n\t            \"commentCount\": 0,\n\t            \"publisher\": {\n\t                \"@id\": \"https:\\\/\\\/umschool.net\\\/library\\\/#organization\"\n\t            },\n\t            \"image\": {\n\t                \"@id\": \"https:\\\/\\\/umschool.net\\\/library\\\/himiya\\\/elementy-iva-gruppy-kremnij\\\/#primaryimage\"\n\t            },\n\t            \"thumbnailUrl\": \"\\\/library\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2022\\\/05\\\/elementy-iva-gruppy.-kremnij.png\",\n\t            \"keywords\": [\n\t                \"\u041a\u0440\u0435\u043c\u043d\u0438\u0439\",\n\t                \"\u0425\u0438\u043c\u0438\u044f\"\n\t            ],\n\t            \"articleSection\": [\n\t                \"\u0425\u0438\u043c\u0438\u044f\"\n\t            ],\n\t            \"inLanguage\": \"ru-RU\",\n\t            \"potentialAction\": [\n\t                {\n\t                    \"@type\": \"CommentAction\",\n\t                    \"name\": \"Comment\",\n\t                    \"target\": [\n\t                        \"https:\\\/\\\/umschool.net\\\/library\\\/himiya\\\/elementy-iva-gruppy-kremnij\\\/#respond\"\n\t                    ]\n\t                }\n\t            ]\n\t        },\n\t        {\n\t            \"@type\": \"WebPage\",\n\t            \"@id\": \"https:\\\/\\\/umschool.net\\\/library\\\/himiya\\\/elementy-iva-gruppy-kremnij\\\/\",\n\t            \"url\": \"https:\\\/\\\/umschool.net\\\/library\\\/himiya\\\/elementy-iva-gruppy-kremnij\\\/\",\n\t            \"name\": \"\u042d\u043b\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u044b IV\u0410 \u0433\u0440\u0443\u043f\u043f\u044b. \u041a\u0440\u0435\u043c\u043d\u0438\u0439 - \u0423\u043c\u0441\u043a\u0443\u043b \u0423\u0447\u0435\u0431\u043d\u0438\u043a\",\n\t            \"isPartOf\": {\n\t                \"@id\": \"https:\\\/\\\/umschool.net\\\/library\\\/#website\"\n\t            },\n\t            \"primaryImageOfPage\": {\n\t                \"@id\": \"https:\\\/\\\/umschool.net\\\/library\\\/himiya\\\/elementy-iva-gruppy-kremnij\\\/#primaryimage\"\n\t            },\n\t            \"image\": {\n\t                \"@id\": \"https:\\\/\\\/umschool.net\\\/library\\\/himiya\\\/elementy-iva-gruppy-kremnij\\\/#primaryimage\"\n\t            },\n\t            \"thumbnailUrl\": \"\\\/library\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2022\\\/05\\\/elementy-iva-gruppy.-kremnij.png\",\n\t            \"datePublished\": \"2022-04-06T09:56:51+00:00\",\n\t            \"dateModified\": \"2023-01-16T16:10:01+00:00\",\n\t            \"description\": \"\u042d\u043b\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u044b IV\u0410 \u0433\u0440\u0443\u043f\u043f\u044b. \u041a\u0440\u0435\u043c\u043d\u0438\u0439. \u0412\u0441\u0435 \u043e \u0445\u0438\u043c\u0438\u044f \u043f\u043e\u043d\u044f\u0442\u043d\u044b\u043c \u044f\u0437\u044b\u043a\u043e\u043c. \u041b\u0443\u0447\u0448\u0438\u0435 \u0443\u0447\u0435\u0431\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043c\u0430\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0430\u043b\u044b \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0448\u043a\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0432 \u0438 \u0432\u0437\u0440\u043e\u0441\u043b\u044b\u0445 \u043e\u0442 \u043e\u043d\u043b\u0430\u0439\u043d-\u0448\u043a\u043e\u043b\u044b \u0423\u043c\u0441\u043a\u0443\u043b.\",\n\t            \"breadcrumb\": {\n\t                \"@id\": \"https:\\\/\\\/umschool.net\\\/library\\\/himiya\\\/elementy-iva-gruppy-kremnij\\\/#breadcrumb\"\n\t            },\n\t            \"inLanguage\": \"ru-RU\",\n\t            \"potentialAction\": [\n\t                {\n\t                    \"@type\": \"ReadAction\",\n\t                    \"target\": [\n\t                        \"https:\\\/\\\/umschool.net\\\/library\\\/himiya\\\/elementy-iva-gruppy-kremnij\\\/\"\n\t                    ]\n\t                }\n\t            ]\n\t        },\n\t        {\n\t            \"@type\": \"ImageObject\",\n\t            \"inLanguage\": \"ru-RU\",\n\t            \"@id\": \"https:\\\/\\\/umschool.net\\\/library\\\/himiya\\\/elementy-iva-gruppy-kremnij\\\/#primaryimage\",\n\t            \"url\": \"\\\/library\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2022\\\/05\\\/elementy-iva-gruppy.-kremnij.png\",\n\t            \"contentUrl\": \"\\\/library\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2022\\\/05\\\/elementy-iva-gruppy.-kremnij.png\",\n\t            \"width\": 1874,\n\t            \"height\": 1056\n\t        },\n\t        {\n\t            \"@type\": \"BreadcrumbList\",\n\t            \"@id\": \"https:\\\/\\\/umschool.net\\\/library\\\/himiya\\\/elementy-iva-gruppy-kremnij\\\/#breadcrumb\",\n\t            \"itemListElement\": [\n\t                {\n\t                    \"@type\": \"ListItem\",\n\t                    \"position\": 1,\n\t                    \"name\": \"\u0413\u043b\u0430\u0432\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0446\u0430\",\n\t                    \"item\": \"https:\\\/\\\/umschool.net\\\/library\\\/\"\n\t                },\n\t                {\n\t                    \"@type\": \"ListItem\",\n\t                    \"position\": 2,\n\t                    \"name\": \"\u042d\u043b\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u044b IV\u0410 \u0433\u0440\u0443\u043f\u043f\u044b. \u041a\u0440\u0435\u043c\u043d\u0438\u0439\"\n\t                }\n\t            ]\n\t        },\n\t        {\n\t            \"@type\": \"WebSite\",\n\t            \"@id\": \"https:\\\/\\\/umschool.net\\\/library\\\/#website\",\n\t            \"url\": \"https:\\\/\\\/umschool.net\\\/library\\\/\",\n\t            \"name\": \"\u0423\u043c\u0441\u043a\u0443\u043b \u0423\u0447\u0435\u0431\u043d\u0438\u043a\",\n\t            \"description\": \"\u041d\u0430\u0438\u0431\u043e\u043b\u0435\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0438\u043d\u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044f \u043f\u0440\u043e \u0448\u043a\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u044d\u043a\u0437\u0430\u043c\u0435\u043d\u044b, \u043f\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0443\u043f\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0432 \u0412\u0423\u0417\u044b \u0438 \u043e\u043b\u0438\u043c\u043f\u0438\u0430\u0434\u044b \u043e\u0442 \u043e\u043d\u043b\u0430\u0439\u043d-\u0448\u043a\u043e\u043b\u044b \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0433\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0432\u043a\u0438 \u043a \u0415\u0413\u042d \u0438 \u041e\u0413\u042d\",\n\t            \"publisher\": {\n\t                \"@id\": \"https:\\\/\\\/umschool.net\\\/library\\\/#organization\"\n\t            },\n\t            \"potentialAction\": [\n\t                {\n\t                    \"@type\": \"SearchAction\",\n\t                    \"target\": {\n\t                        \"@type\": \"EntryPoint\",\n\t                        \"urlTemplate\": \"https:\\\/\\\/umschool.net\\\/library\\\/?s={search_term_string}\"\n\t                    },\n\t                    \"query-input\": {\n\t                        \"@type\": \"PropertyValueSpecification\",\n\t                        \"valueRequired\": true,\n\t                        \"valueName\": \"search_term_string\"\n\t                    }\n\t                }\n\t            ],\n\t            \"inLanguage\": \"ru-RU\"\n\t        },\n\t        {\n\t            \"@type\": \"Organization\",\n\t            \"@id\": \"https:\\\/\\\/umschool.net\\\/library\\\/#organization\",\n\t            \"name\": \"\u0423\u043c\u0441\u043a\u0443\u043b \u0423\u0447\u0435\u0431\u043d\u0438\u043a\",\n\t            \"url\": \"https:\\\/\\\/umschool.net\\\/library\\\/\",\n\t            \"logo\": {\n\t                \"@type\": \"ImageObject\",\n\t                \"inLanguage\": \"ru-RU\",\n\t                \"@id\": \"https:\\\/\\\/umschool.net\\\/library\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/logo\\\/image\\\/\",\n\t                \"url\": \"\\\/library\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2021\\\/06\\\/umlogo.svg\",\n\t                \"contentUrl\": \"\\\/library\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2021\\\/06\\\/umlogo.svg\",\n\t                \"width\": 191,\n\t                \"height\": 48,\n\t                \"caption\": \"\u0423\u043c\u0441\u043a\u0443\u043b \u0423\u0447\u0435\u0431\u043d\u0438\u043a\"\n\t            },\n\t            \"image\": {\n\t                \"@id\": \"https:\\\/\\\/umschool.net\\\/library\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/logo\\\/image\\\/\"\n\t            }\n\t        },\n\t        {\n\t            \"@type\": \"Person\",\n\t            \"@id\": \"https:\\\/\\\/umschool.net\\\/library\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/279fc031eb415325d4fa22462381fbd6\",\n\t            \"name\": \"umschool\",\n\t            \"image\": {\n\t                \"@type\": \"ImageObject\",\n\t                \"inLanguage\": \"ru-RU\",\n\t                \"@id\": \"https:\\\/\\\/secure.gravatar.com\\\/avatar\\\/1e8360de1e5c6968c838aa8f62f7fae7faec4111a33db284b5f8d4ce2022cb11?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\n\t                \"url\": \"https:\\\/\\\/secure.gravatar.com\\\/avatar\\\/1e8360de1e5c6968c838aa8f62f7fae7faec4111a33db284b5f8d4ce2022cb11?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\n\t                \"contentUrl\": \"https:\\\/\\\/secure.gravatar.com\\\/avatar\\\/1e8360de1e5c6968c838aa8f62f7fae7faec4111a33db284b5f8d4ce2022cb11?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\n\t                \"caption\": \"umschool\"\n\t            },\n\t            \"sameAs\": [\n\t                \"http:\\\/\\\/umschool.frontendie.ru\"\n\t            ],\n\t            \"url\": \"https:\\\/\\\/umschool.net\\\/library\\\/author\\\/umschool\\\/\"\n\t        }\n\t    ]\n\t}<\/script>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO plugin. -->","yoast_head_json":{"title":"\u042d\u043b\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u044b IV\u0410 \u0433\u0440\u0443\u043f\u043f\u044b. \u041a\u0440\u0435\u043c\u043d\u0438\u0439 - \u0423\u043c\u0441\u043a\u0443\u043b \u0423\u0447\u0435\u0431\u043d\u0438\u043a","description":"\u042d\u043b\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u044b IV\u0410 \u0433\u0440\u0443\u043f\u043f\u044b. \u041a\u0440\u0435\u043c\u043d\u0438\u0439. \u0412\u0441\u0435 \u043e \u0445\u0438\u043c\u0438\u044f \u043f\u043e\u043d\u044f\u0442\u043d\u044b\u043c \u044f\u0437\u044b\u043a\u043e\u043c. \u041b\u0443\u0447\u0448\u0438\u0435 \u0443\u0447\u0435\u0431\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043c\u0430\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0430\u043b\u044b \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0448\u043a\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0432 \u0438 \u0432\u0437\u0440\u043e\u0441\u043b\u044b\u0445 \u043e\u0442 \u043e\u043d\u043b\u0430\u0439\u043d-\u0448\u043a\u043e\u043b\u044b \u0423\u043c\u0441\u043a\u0443\u043b.","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/umschool.net\/library\/himiya\/elementy-iva-gruppy-kremnij\/","og_locale":"ru_RU","og_type":"article","og_title":"\u042d\u043b\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u044b IV\u0410 \u0433\u0440\u0443\u043f\u043f\u044b. \u041a\u0440\u0435\u043c\u043d\u0438\u0439 - \u0423\u043c\u0441\u043a\u0443\u043b \u0423\u0447\u0435\u0431\u043d\u0438\u043a","og_description":"\u042d\u043b\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u044b IV\u0410 \u0433\u0440\u0443\u043f\u043f\u044b. \u041a\u0440\u0435\u043c\u043d\u0438\u0439. \u0412\u0441\u0435 \u043e \u0445\u0438\u043c\u0438\u044f \u043f\u043e\u043d\u044f\u0442\u043d\u044b\u043c \u044f\u0437\u044b\u043a\u043e\u043c. \u041b\u0443\u0447\u0448\u0438\u0435 \u0443\u0447\u0435\u0431\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043c\u0430\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0430\u043b\u044b \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0448\u043a\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0432 \u0438 \u0432\u0437\u0440\u043e\u0441\u043b\u044b\u0445 \u043e\u0442 \u043e\u043d\u043b\u0430\u0439\u043d-\u0448\u043a\u043e\u043b\u044b \u0423\u043c\u0441\u043a\u0443\u043b.","og_url":"https:\/\/umschool.net\/library\/himiya\/elementy-iva-gruppy-kremnij\/","og_site_name":"\u0423\u043c\u0441\u043a\u0443\u043b \u0423\u0447\u0435\u0431\u043d\u0438\u043a","article_published_time":"2022-04-06T09:56:51+00:00","article_modified_time":"2023-01-16T16:10:01+00:00","og_image":[{"width":1874,"height":1056,"url":"https:\/\/umschool.net\/library\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/elementy-iva-gruppy.-kremnij.png","type":"image\/png"}],"author":"umschool","twitter_card":"summary_large_image","twitter_misc":{"\u041d\u0430\u043f\u0438\u0441\u0430\u043d\u043e \u0430\u0432\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u043c":"umschool","\u041f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0440\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u044f \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0447\u0442\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f":"7 \u043c\u0438\u043d\u0443\u0442"},"schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"Article","@id":"https:\/\/umschool.net\/library\/himiya\/elementy-iva-gruppy-kremnij\/#article","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/umschool.net\/library\/himiya\/elementy-iva-gruppy-kremnij\/"},"author":{"name":"umschool","@id":"https:\/\/umschool.net\/library\/#\/schema\/person\/279fc031eb415325d4fa22462381fbd6"},"headline":"\u042d\u043b\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u044b IV\u0410 \u0433\u0440\u0443\u043f\u043f\u044b. \u041a\u0440\u0435\u043c\u043d\u0438\u0439","datePublished":"2022-04-06T09:56:51+00:00","dateModified":"2023-01-16T16:10:01+00:00","mainEntityOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/umschool.net\/library\/himiya\/elementy-iva-gruppy-kremnij\/"},"wordCount":767,"commentCount":0,"publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/umschool.net\/library\/#organization"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/umschool.net\/library\/himiya\/elementy-iva-gruppy-kremnij\/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"\/library\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/elementy-iva-gruppy.-kremnij.png","keywords":["\u041a\u0440\u0435\u043c\u043d\u0438\u0439","\u0425\u0438\u043c\u0438\u044f"],"articleSection":["\u0425\u0438\u043c\u0438\u044f"],"inLanguage":"ru-RU","potentialAction":[{"@type":"CommentAction","name":"Comment","target":["https:\/\/umschool.net\/library\/himiya\/elementy-iva-gruppy-kremnij\/#respond"]}]},{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/umschool.net\/library\/himiya\/elementy-iva-gruppy-kremnij\/","url":"https:\/\/umschool.net\/library\/himiya\/elementy-iva-gruppy-kremnij\/","name":"\u042d\u043b\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u044b IV\u0410 \u0433\u0440\u0443\u043f\u043f\u044b. \u041a\u0440\u0435\u043c\u043d\u0438\u0439 - \u0423\u043c\u0441\u043a\u0443\u043b \u0423\u0447\u0435\u0431\u043d\u0438\u043a","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/umschool.net\/library\/#website"},"primaryImageOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/umschool.net\/library\/himiya\/elementy-iva-gruppy-kremnij\/#primaryimage"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/umschool.net\/library\/himiya\/elementy-iva-gruppy-kremnij\/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"\/library\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/elementy-iva-gruppy.-kremnij.png","datePublished":"2022-04-06T09:56:51+00:00","dateModified":"2023-01-16T16:10:01+00:00","description":"\u042d\u043b\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u044b IV\u0410 \u0433\u0440\u0443\u043f\u043f\u044b. \u041a\u0440\u0435\u043c\u043d\u0438\u0439. \u0412\u0441\u0435 \u043e \u0445\u0438\u043c\u0438\u044f \u043f\u043e\u043d\u044f\u0442\u043d\u044b\u043c \u044f\u0437\u044b\u043a\u043e\u043c. \u041b\u0443\u0447\u0448\u0438\u0435 \u0443\u0447\u0435\u0431\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043c\u0430\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0430\u043b\u044b \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0448\u043a\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0432 \u0438 \u0432\u0437\u0440\u043e\u0441\u043b\u044b\u0445 \u043e\u0442 \u043e\u043d\u043b\u0430\u0439\u043d-\u0448\u043a\u043e\u043b\u044b \u0423\u043c\u0441\u043a\u0443\u043b.","breadcrumb":{"@id":"https:\/\/umschool.net\/library\/himiya\/elementy-iva-gruppy-kremnij\/#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"ru-RU","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https:\/\/umschool.net\/library\/himiya\/elementy-iva-gruppy-kremnij\/"]}]},{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"ru-RU","@id":"https:\/\/umschool.net\/library\/himiya\/elementy-iva-gruppy-kremnij\/#primaryimage","url":"\/library\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/elementy-iva-gruppy.-kremnij.png","contentUrl":"\/library\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/elementy-iva-gruppy.-kremnij.png","width":1874,"height":1056},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https:\/\/umschool.net\/library\/himiya\/elementy-iva-gruppy-kremnij\/#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"\u0413\u043b\u0430\u0432\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0446\u0430","item":"https:\/\/umschool.net\/library\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"\u042d\u043b\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u044b IV\u0410 \u0433\u0440\u0443\u043f\u043f\u044b. \u041a\u0440\u0435\u043c\u043d\u0438\u0439"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https:\/\/umschool.net\/library\/#website","url":"https:\/\/umschool.net\/library\/","name":"\u0423\u043c\u0441\u043a\u0443\u043b \u0423\u0447\u0435\u0431\u043d\u0438\u043a","description":"\u041d\u0430\u0438\u0431\u043e\u043b\u0435\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0438\u043d\u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044f \u043f\u0440\u043e \u0448\u043a\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u044d\u043a\u0437\u0430\u043c\u0435\u043d\u044b, \u043f\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0443\u043f\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0432 \u0412\u0423\u0417\u044b \u0438 \u043e\u043b\u0438\u043c\u043f\u0438\u0430\u0434\u044b \u043e\u0442 \u043e\u043d\u043b\u0430\u0439\u043d-\u0448\u043a\u043e\u043b\u044b \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0433\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0432\u043a\u0438 \u043a \u0415\u0413\u042d \u0438 \u041e\u0413\u042d","publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/umschool.net\/library\/#organization"},"potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https:\/\/umschool.net\/library\/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":{"@type":"PropertyValueSpecification","valueRequired":true,"valueName":"search_term_string"}}],"inLanguage":"ru-RU"},{"@type":"Organization","@id":"https:\/\/umschool.net\/library\/#organization","name":"\u0423\u043c\u0441\u043a\u0443\u043b \u0423\u0447\u0435\u0431\u043d\u0438\u043a","url":"https:\/\/umschool.net\/library\/","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"ru-RU","@id":"https:\/\/umschool.net\/library\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/","url":"\/library\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/06\/umlogo.svg","contentUrl":"\/library\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/06\/umlogo.svg","width":191,"height":48,"caption":"\u0423\u043c\u0441\u043a\u0443\u043b \u0423\u0447\u0435\u0431\u043d\u0438\u043a"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/umschool.net\/library\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/"}},{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/umschool.net\/library\/#\/schema\/person\/279fc031eb415325d4fa22462381fbd6","name":"umschool","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"ru-RU","@id":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/1e8360de1e5c6968c838aa8f62f7fae7faec4111a33db284b5f8d4ce2022cb11?s=96&d=mm&r=g","url":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/1e8360de1e5c6968c838aa8f62f7fae7faec4111a33db284b5f8d4ce2022cb11?s=96&d=mm&r=g","contentUrl":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/1e8360de1e5c6968c838aa8f62f7fae7faec4111a33db284b5f8d4ce2022cb11?s=96&d=mm&r=g","caption":"umschool"},"sameAs":["http:\/\/umschool.frontendie.ru"],"url":"https:\/\/umschool.net\/library\/author\/umschool\/"}]}},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/umschool.net\/library\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4487","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/umschool.net\/library\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/umschool.net\/library\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/umschool.net\/library\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/umschool.net\/library\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=4487"}],"version-history":[{"count":13,"href":"https:\/\/umschool.net\/library\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4487\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":20577,"href":"https:\/\/umschool.net\/library\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4487\/revisions\/20577"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/umschool.net\/library\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/6194"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/umschool.net\/library\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=4487"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/umschool.net\/library\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=4487"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/umschool.net\/library\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=4487"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}