{"id":11216,"date":"2022-12-28T15:15:00","date_gmt":"2022-12-28T15:15:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/umschool.net\/library\/?p=11216"},"modified":"2023-01-25T16:45:56","modified_gmt":"2023-01-25T16:45:56","slug":"klassifikacziya-organicheskih-veshhestv-nomenklatura-organicheskih-veshhestv-trivialnaya-i-mezhdunarodnaya","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/umschool.net\/library\/himiya\/klassifikacziya-organicheskih-veshhestv-nomenklatura-organicheskih-veshhestv-trivialnaya-i-mezhdunarodnaya\/","title":{"rendered":"\u041a\u043b\u0430\u0441\u0441\u0438\u0444\u0438\u043a\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044f \u043e\u0440\u0433\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0445 \u0432\u0435\u0449\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432. \u041d\u043e\u043c\u0435\u043d\u043a\u043b\u0430\u0442\u0443\u0440\u0430 \u043e\u0440\u0433\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0445 \u0432\u0435\u0449\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432 (\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0432\u0438\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0438 \u043c\u0435\u0436\u0434\u0443\u043d\u0430\u0440\u043e\u0434\u043d\u0430\u044f)"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<h3 class=\"has-text-align-center wp-block-heading\"><strong>\u041d\u0430 \u044d\u0442\u043e\u0439 \u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0446\u0435 \u0432\u044b \u0443\u0437\u043d\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0435&nbsp;<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>\u0415\u0441\u0442\u044c \u043b\u0438 \u0443 \u043e\u0440\u0433\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0445 \u0432\u0435\u0449\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432 \u0440\u043e\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u0438\u043a\u0438?<\/li><li>\u041c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u043e \u043b\u0438 \u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0449\u0430\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u043a \u043e\u0440\u0433\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u043c \u0432\u0435\u0449\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430\u043c \u043f\u043e \u0438\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0438 \u0438 \u043e\u0442\u0447\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0443?<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u041e\u0445, \u043a\u0430\u043a \u0436\u0435 \u043e\u0440\u0433\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0435 \u0432\u0435\u0449\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430 \u0441\u0442\u0440\u0435\u043c\u044f\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043d\u0430\u0441 \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0443\u0442\u0430\u0442\u044c. \u041e\u0434\u043d\u043e \u0438 \u0442\u043e \u0436\u0435 \u0432\u0435\u0449\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e \u0438\u043c\u0435\u0435\u0442 \u043d\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u043e \u043d\u0430\u0437\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0439, \u043e\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0438 \u0442\u043e\u0439 \u0436\u0435 \u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0443\u043b\u0435 \u0441\u043e\u043e\u0442\u0432\u0435\u0442\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0443\u044e\u0442 \u043d\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u043e \u0432\u0435\u0449\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432. \u041d\u043e, \u043a \u0441\u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u044c\u044e, \u0447\u0435\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0435\u043a\u0443 \u0443\u0434\u0430\u043b\u043e\u0441\u044c \u0443\u043a\u0440\u043e\u0442\u0438\u0442\u044c \u043e\u0440\u0433\u0430\u043d\u0438\u043a\u0443, \u0438 \u0432\u0441\u0435 \u043e\u0440\u0433\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0435 \u0432\u0435\u0449\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0434\u0430\u044e\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0447\u0435\u0442\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u043a\u043b\u0430\u0441\u0441\u0438\u0444\u0438\u043a\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u0438 \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u0435 \u043d\u0430\u0437\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0439. \u041a\u0430\u043a \u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0438\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e \u0438\u043c\u0438 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f, \u0443\u0437\u043d\u0430\u0435\u043c \u0432 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0442\u044c\u0435.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"has-text-align-center wp-block-heading\"><strong>\u041a\u043b\u0430\u0441\u0441\u0438\u0444\u0438\u043a\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044f \u043e\u0440\u0433\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0445 \u0441\u043e\u0435\u0434\u0438\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0439<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u041a\u0430\u0440\u043a\u0430\u0441\u043e\u043c, \u043e\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0439 \u043c\u043e\u043b\u0435\u043a\u0443\u043b\u044b \u043e\u0440\u0433\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0432\u0435\u0449\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430 \u044f\u0432\u043b\u044f\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f <strong>\u0443\u0433\u043b\u0435\u0440\u043e\u0434\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0441\u043a\u0435\u043b\u0435\u0442<\/strong>: \u043e\u043d \u043c\u043e\u0436\u0435\u0442 \u0431\u044b\u0442\u044c \u043a\u0430\u043a \u0430\u0446\u0438\u043a\u043b\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0439, \u0442\u0430\u043a \u0438 \u0446\u0438\u043a\u043b\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0439; \u043a\u0430\u043a \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0432\u0435\u0442\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0439, \u0442\u0430\u043a \u0438 \u043d\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0437\u0432\u0435\u0442\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0439.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0418\u0442\u0430\u043a, \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0432\u044b\u043c \u043a\u0440\u0438\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0435\u043c \u043a\u043b\u0430\u0441\u0441\u0438\u0444\u0438\u043a\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u0431\u0443\u0434\u0435\u0442 \u043a\u0430\u043a \u0440\u0430\u0437 \u044f\u0432\u043b\u044f\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f <strong>\u0443\u0433\u043b\u0435\u0440\u043e\u0434\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0441\u043a\u0435\u043b\u0435\u0442.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>\u0426\u0438\u043a\u043b\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0435 \u0441\u043e\u0435\u0434\u0438\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f<\/strong> \u2014 \u0441\u043e\u0435\u0434\u0438\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f, \u0432 \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0445 \u043a\u0440\u0430\u0439\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0430\u0442\u043e\u043c\u044b \u0443\u0433\u043b\u0435\u0440\u043e\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0441\u043a\u0435\u043b\u0435\u0442\u0430 \u0441\u043e\u0435\u0434\u0438\u043d\u0435\u043d\u044b \u0434\u0440\u0443\u0433 \u0441 \u0434\u0440\u0443\u0433\u043e\u043c, \u0442\u043e \u0435\u0441\u0442\u044c \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043b\u044f\u044e\u0442 \u0441\u043e\u0431\u043e\u0439 \u0437\u0430\u043c\u043a\u043d\u0443\u0442\u0443\u044e \u0444\u0438\u0433\u0443\u0440\u0443.&nbsp;<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>\u041d\u0435\u0446\u0438\u043a\u043b\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0435<\/strong> \u0436\u0435 \u0441\u043e\u0435\u0434\u0438\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f, \u043d\u0430\u043e\u0431\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0442, \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043b\u044f\u044e\u0442 \u0441\u043e\u0431\u043e\u0439 \u043d\u0435\u0437\u0430\u043c\u043a\u043d\u0443\u0442\u044b\u0435 \u0446\u0435\u043f\u0438. \u041f\u0440\u0438 \u044d\u0442\u043e\u043c \u0441\u0430\u043c\u0430\u044f \u0434\u043b\u0438\u043d\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0443\u0433\u043b\u0435\u0440\u043e\u0434\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0446\u0435\u043f\u044c \u0432 \u043c\u043e\u043b\u0435\u043a\u0443\u043b\u0435 \u043d\u0430\u0437\u044b\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f <strong>\u0433\u043b\u0430\u0432\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0446\u0435\u043f\u044c\u044e<\/strong>, \u0430 \u043e\u0442\u0432\u0435\u0442\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043e\u0442 \u043d\u0435\u0435 \u2014 <strong>\u0440\u0430\u0434\u0438\u043a\u0430\u043b\u0430\u043c\u0438.<\/strong>&nbsp;<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter size-large is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"\/library\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/1-40-1024x309.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-11217\" width=\"768\" height=\"232\" srcset=\"\/library\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/1-40-1024x309.png 1024w, \/library\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/1-40-300x90.png 300w, \/library\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/1-40-768x232.png 768w, \/library\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/1-40-1536x463.png 1536w, \/library\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/1-40-2048x618.png 2048w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 768px) 100vw, 768px\" \/><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0412\u0430\u0436\u043d\u044b\u043c \u043c\u043e\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u043e\u043c \u044f\u0432\u043b\u044f\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f<strong> \u043d\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0447\u0438\u0435 \u043a\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0441\u0432\u044f\u0437\u0435\u0439:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>\u041d\u0430\u0441\u044b\u0449\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 (\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0435)<\/strong> \u0441\u043e\u0435\u0434\u0438\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0441\u043e\u0434\u0435\u0440\u0436\u0430\u0442 \u0442\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u043e \u043e\u0434\u0438\u043d\u0430\u0440\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0441\u0432\u044f\u0437\u0438.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>\u041d\u0435\u043d\u0430\u0441\u044b\u0449\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 (\u043d\u0435\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0435)<\/strong> \u0438\u043c\u0435\u044e\u0442 \u0434\u0432\u043e\u0439\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u0442\u0440\u043e\u0439\u043d\u044b\u0435.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u041f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0435\u0439\u0448\u0438\u043c \u043a\u043b\u0430\u0441\u0441\u043e\u043c \u043e\u0440\u0433\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0445 \u0432\u0435\u0449\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432 \u044f\u0432\u043b\u044f\u044e\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0443\u0433\u043b\u0435\u0432\u043e\u0434\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0434\u044b. \u042d\u0442\u043e \u0441\u043e\u0435\u0434\u0438\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f, \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0435 \u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u044b \u0442\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u043e \u0430\u0442\u043e\u043c\u0430\u043c\u0438 \u0443\u0433\u043b\u0435\u0440\u043e\u0434\u0430 C \u0438 \u0432\u043e\u0434\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0434\u0430 H. \u041f\u0440\u0438 \u043d\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0447\u0438\u0438 \u043a\u0438\u0441\u043b\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0434- \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u0430\u0437\u043e\u0442\u0441\u043e\u0434\u0435\u0440\u0436\u0430\u0449\u0438\u0445 \u0440\u0430\u0434\u0438\u043a\u0430\u043b\u043e\u0432 \u0432\u044b\u0434\u0435\u043b\u044f\u044e\u0442 \u0431\u043e\u043b\u0435\u0435 \u0441\u043b\u043e\u0436\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043a\u043b\u0430\u0441\u0441\u044b.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter size-large is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"\/library\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/2-37-1024x778.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-11218\" width=\"512\" height=\"389\" srcset=\"\/library\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/2-37-1024x778.png 1024w, \/library\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/2-37-300x228.png 300w, \/library\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/2-37-768x583.png 768w, \/library\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/2-37-1536x1167.png 1536w, \/library\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/2-37-2048x1555.png 2048w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 512px) 100vw, 512px\" \/><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0420\u0430\u0441\u0441\u043c\u043e\u0442\u0440\u0438\u043c \u043a\u0430\u0436\u0434\u044b\u0439 \u0438\u0437 \u043a\u043b\u0430\u0441\u0441\u043e\u0432 \u043d\u0435\u043c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0440\u043e\u0431\u043d\u0435\u0435:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>\u0410\u043b\u043a\u0430\u043d\u044b. <\/strong>\u041e\u0431\u0449\u0430\u044f \u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0443\u043b\u0430 C<sub>n<\/sub>H<sub>2n+2<\/sub>, \u0433\u0434\u0435 n \u2014 \u044d\u0442\u043e \u043a\u043e\u043b\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e \u0430\u0442\u043e\u043c\u043e\u0432 \u0443\u0433\u043b\u0435\u0440\u043e\u0434\u0430 \u0432 \u0441\u043e\u0435\u0434\u0438\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0438.<\/li><li><strong>\u0410\u043b\u043a\u0435\u043d\u044b. <\/strong>\u0423\u0433\u043b\u0435\u0432\u043e\u0434\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0434\u044b, \u0438\u043c\u0435\u044e\u0449\u0438\u0435 \u043e\u0434\u043d\u0443 \u0434\u0432\u043e\u0439\u043d\u0443\u044e \u0441\u0432\u044f\u0437\u044c \u0441 \u043e\u0431\u0449\u0435\u0439 \u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0443\u043b\u043e\u0439 C<sub>n<\/sub>H<sub>2n<\/sub>.<\/li><li><strong>\u0410\u043b\u043a\u0438\u043d\u044b. <\/strong>\u0418\u043c\u0435\u044e\u0442 \u043e\u0434\u043d\u0443 \u0442\u0440\u043e\u0439\u043d\u0443\u044e \u0441\u0432\u044f\u0437\u044c, \u043e\u0431\u0449\u0430\u044f \u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0443\u043b\u0430 C<sub>n<\/sub>H<sub>2n-2<\/sub>.<\/li><li><strong>\u0410\u043b\u043a\u0430\u0434\u0438\u0435\u043d\u044b. <\/strong>\u0418\u043c\u0435\u044e\u0442 \u0434\u0432\u0435 \u0434\u0432\u043e\u0439\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0441\u0432\u044f\u0437\u0438, \u043e\u0431\u0449\u0430\u044f \u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0443\u043b\u0430 \u0442\u0430\u043a\u0430\u044f \u0436\u0435 \u043a\u0430\u043a \u0438 \u0443 \u0430\u043b\u043a\u0435\u043d\u043e\u0432 C<sub>n<\/sub>H<sub>2n<\/sub>. \u041e\u0442\u0441\u044e\u0434\u0430 \u043c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u043e \u0441\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0432\u044b\u0432\u043e\u0434, \u0447\u0442\u043e <strong>\u0430\u043b\u043a\u0435\u043d\u044b \u0438 \u0430\u043b\u043a\u0430\u0434\u0438\u0435\u043d\u044b \u2014 \u043c\u0435\u0436\u043a\u043b\u0430\u0441\u0441\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0435 \u0438\u0437\u043e\u043c\u0435\u0440\u044b \u0434\u0440\u0443\u0433 \u0434\u0440\u0443\u0433\u0430.&nbsp;<\/strong><\/li><li><strong>\u0426\u0438\u043a\u043b\u043e\u0430\u043b\u043a\u0430\u043d\u044b. <\/strong>\u0426\u0438\u043a\u043b\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0435 \u0443\u0433\u043b\u0435\u0432\u043e\u0434\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0434\u044b \u0441 \u043e\u0431\u0449\u0435\u0439 \u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0443\u043b\u043e\u0439 C<sub>n<\/sub>H<sub>2n <\/sub>.<\/li><li><strong>\u0410\u0440\u0435\u043d\u044b. <\/strong>\u041e\u0431\u0449\u0430\u044f \u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0443\u043b\u0430 C<sub>n<\/sub>H<sub>2n-6<\/sub>. \u0426\u0438\u043a\u043b\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0435 \u0441\u043e\u0435\u0434\u0438\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f, \u0438\u043c\u0435\u044e\u0449\u0438\u0435 \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u044b \u0447\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0443\u044e\u0449\u0438\u0445\u0441\u044f \u0434\u0432\u043e\u0439\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0438 \u043e\u0434\u0438\u043d\u0430\u0440\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0441\u0432\u044f\u0437\u0435\u0439.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0422\u0435\u043f\u0435\u0440\u044c \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0439\u0434\u0435\u043c \u043a <strong>\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0438\u0437\u0432\u043e\u0434\u043d\u044b\u043c \u0443\u0433\u043b\u0435\u0432\u043e\u0434\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0434\u043e\u0432<\/strong>. \u041d\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0447\u0438\u0435 \u043e\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0444\u0443\u043d\u043a\u0446\u0438\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0433\u0440\u0443\u043f\u043f\u044b \u0443\u043a\u0430\u0437\u044b\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u043d\u0430 \u043a\u043b\u0430\u0441\u0441 \u0432\u0435\u0449\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter size-large is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"\/library\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/3-38-971x1024.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-11220\" width=\"486\" height=\"512\" srcset=\"\/library\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/3-38-971x1024.png 971w, \/library\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/3-38-285x300.png 285w, \/library\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/3-38-768x810.png 768w, \/library\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/3-38-1457x1536.png 1457w, \/library\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/3-38-1943x2048.png 1943w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 486px) 100vw, 486px\" \/><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-background wp-block-paragraph\" id=\"\u043f\u043e\u043d\u044f\u0442\u0438\u0435_\u0433\u043e\u043c\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0433\u043e\u0432\" style=\"background-color:#e9e0f1\"><strong>\u0413\u043e\u043c\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0433\u0438 <\/strong>(\u0433\u043e\u043c\u043e- \u00ab\u043e\u0434\u0438\u043d\u0430\u043a\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0439, \u0441\u0445\u043e\u0436\u0438\u0439\u00bb) \u2014 \u0432\u0435\u0449\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430 \u0438\u0437 \u043e\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043a\u043b\u0430\u0441\u0441\u0430, \u0440\u0430\u0437\u043b\u0438\u0447\u0430\u044e\u0449\u0438\u0435\u0441\u044f \u0434\u043b\u0438\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0441\u043a\u0435\u043b\u0435\u0442\u0430 (-\u0421H<sub>2<\/sub>-).&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u0413\u043e\u043c\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0433\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u0440\u044f\u0434<\/strong> \u2014 \u0440\u044f\u0434 \u0432\u0435\u0449\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432, \u0440\u0430\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0436\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0432 \u043f\u043e\u0440\u044f\u0434\u043a\u0435 \u0432\u043e\u0437\u0440\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0438\u0445 \u043c\u043e\u043b\u0435\u043a\u0443\u043b\u044f\u0440\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043c\u0430\u0441\u0441, \u0441\u0445\u043e\u0434\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043f\u043e \u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044e \u0438 \u0445\u0438\u043c\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u043c \u0441\u0432\u043e\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430\u043c, \u0433\u0434\u0435 \u043a\u0430\u0436\u0434\u044b\u0439 \u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u0443\u044e\u0449\u0438\u0439 \u0447\u043b\u0435\u043d \u043e\u0442\u043b\u0438\u0447\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043e\u0442 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u044b\u0434\u0443\u0449\u0435\u0433\u043e \u043d\u0430 \u043e\u0434\u043d\u0443 CH<sub>2<\/sub>-\u0433\u0440\u0443\u043f\u043f\u0443 (<strong>\u0433\u043e\u043c\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0433\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0443\u044e \u0440\u0430\u0437\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c<\/strong>).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table><tbody><tr><td><strong>\u0415\u0441\u0442\u044c \u043b\u0438 \u0443 \u043e\u0440\u0433\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0445 \u0432\u0435\u0449\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432 \u0440\u043e\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u0438\u043a\u0438?<\/strong><br><br>\u041c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u043e \u0441\u043a\u0430\u0437\u0430\u0442\u044c, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u0434\u0430, \u0432\u0435\u0434\u044c \u043a\u043b\u0430\u0441\u0441 \u0432\u0435\u0449\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432 \u2014 \u0441\u043b\u043e\u0432\u043d\u043e \u043e\u0434\u043d\u0430 \u0441\u0435\u043c\u044c\u044f. \u0412\u0435\u0449\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430 \u043e\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043a\u043b\u0430\u0441\u0441\u0430 <strong>\u0433\u043e\u043c\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0433\u0438\u0447\u043d\u044b<\/strong>, \u0442\u043e \u0435\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0432\u0441\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u0445\u043e\u0436\u0438 \u0434\u0440\u0443\u0433 \u043d\u0430 \u0434\u0440\u0443\u0433\u0430, \u043e\u0442\u043b\u0438\u0447\u0430\u044f\u0441\u044c \u043b\u0438\u0448\u044c \u0434\u043b\u0438\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0443\u0433\u043b\u0435\u0440\u043e\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0441\u043a\u0435\u043b\u0435\u0442\u0430. \u041f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0440\u043e\u043c \u0442\u0430\u043a\u0438\u0445 \u00ab\u0440\u043e\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0432\u00bb \u043c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u043e \u043d\u0430\u0437\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c \u043c\u0435\u0442\u0438\u043b\u043f\u0440\u043e\u043f\u0430\u043d, \u043c\u0435\u0442\u0438\u043b\u0431\u0443\u0442\u0430\u043d \u0438 \u043c\u0435\u0442\u0438\u043b\u043f\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0430\u043d. \u0412 \u0441\u043e\u043e\u0442\u0432\u0435\u0442\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0438\u0438 \u0441 \u043e\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435\u043c \u043a\u0430\u0436\u0434\u044b\u0439 \u0438\u0437 \u043d\u0438\u0445 \u043e\u0442\u043b\u0438\u0447\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043e\u0442 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u044b\u0434\u0443\u0449\u0435\u0433\u043e \u043d\u0430 \u043e\u0434\u043d\u0443 CH<sub>2<\/sub>-\u0433\u0440\u0443\u043f\u043f\u0443 (<strong>\u0433\u043e\u043c\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0433\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0443\u044e \u0440\u0430\u0437\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c<\/strong>).<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter size-large is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"\/library\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/4-36-1-1024x200.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-11221\" width=\"768\" height=\"150\" srcset=\"\/library\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/4-36-1-1024x200.png 1024w, \/library\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/4-36-1-300x58.png 300w, \/library\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/4-36-1-768x150.png 768w, \/library\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/4-36-1-1536x299.png 1536w, \/library\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/4-36-1-2048x399.png 2048w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 768px) 100vw, 768px\" \/><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"has-text-align-center wp-block-heading\" id=\"\u043e\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0432\u044b_\u043d\u043e\u043c\u0435\u043d\u043a\u043b\u0430\u0442\u0443\u0440\u044b_\u043e\u0440\u0433\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0445_\u0441\u043e\u0435\u0434\u0438\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0439\"><strong>\u041d\u043e\u043c\u0435\u043d\u043a\u043b\u0430\u0442\u0443\u0440\u0430 \u043e\u0440\u0433\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0445 \u0432\u0435\u0449\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\" id=\"\u043d\u043e\u043c\u0435\u043d\u043a\u043b\u0430\u0442\u0443\u0440\u0430_\u043e\u0440\u0433\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0445_\u0441\u043e\u0435\u0434\u0438\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0439\">\u0427\u0442\u043e\u0431\u044b \u043d\u0430\u0437\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043e\u0440\u0433\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0445 \u0432\u0435\u0449\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432 \u043e\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u043d\u043e \u043e\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0436\u0430\u043b\u0438 \u0438\u0445 \u0441\u0442\u0440\u0443\u043a\u0442\u0443\u0440\u0443, \u0431\u044b\u043b\u0438 \u043f\u043e\u043d\u044f\u0442\u043d\u044b \u043b\u044e\u0434\u044f\u043c, \u0433\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0440\u044f\u0449\u0438\u0445 \u043d\u0430 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u044f\u0437\u044b\u043a\u0430\u0445, \u043c\u0435\u0436\u0434\u0443\u043d\u0430\u0440\u043e\u0434\u043d\u044b\u043c \u0441\u043e\u044e\u0437\u043e\u043c \u0442\u0435\u043e\u0440\u0435\u0442\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u0438 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043a\u043b\u0430\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0445\u0438\u043c\u0438\u0438 (<strong>International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry)<\/strong> \u0431\u044b\u043b\u0430 \u0441\u043e\u0437\u0434\u0430\u043d\u0430 <strong>\u043d\u043e\u043c\u0435\u043d\u043a\u043b\u0430\u0442\u0443\u0440\u0430 \u043e\u0440\u0433\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0445 \u0441\u043e\u0435\u0434\u0438\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u0418\u042e\u041f\u0410\u041a (<\/strong><strong>IUPAC)<\/strong>.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0411\u043b\u0430\u0433\u043e\u0434\u0430\u0440\u044f \u044d\u0442\u043e\u0439 \u043d\u043e\u043c\u0435\u043d\u043a\u043b\u0430\u0442\u0443\u0440\u0435, \u043d\u0430\u0437\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043e\u0440\u0433\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0432\u0435\u0449\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u043b\u043e \u0435\u0433\u043e \u043b\u0438\u0446\u043e\u043c. <em>\u041a\u0430\u043a \u0438\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0430 \u0438\u043d\u0434\u0435\u0439\u0446\u0435\u0432 \u0432 \u0434\u0440\u0435\u0432\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438, \u0441\u0440\u0430\u0437\u0443 \u0434\u0430\u044e\u0442 \u043d\u0430\u043c \u043f\u043e\u043d\u044f\u0442\u044c, \u0441 \u043a\u0435\u043c \u043c\u044b \u0438\u043c\u0435\u0435\u043c \u0434\u0435\u043b\u043e. \u041d\u0430\u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0440, \u0410\u0434\u044d\u0445\u0438 \u2014 \u0436\u0438\u0432\u0443\u0449\u0438\u0439 \u0432 \u043b\u0435\u0441\u0443. \u0422\u0430\u043a \u0438 \u0443 \u043e\u0440\u0433\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0445 \u0432\u0435\u0449\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432, \u043b\u0438\u0448\u044c \u043f\u043e \u043e\u0434\u043d\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u043d\u0430\u0437\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044e \u043c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u043e \u0431\u0435\u0437\u043e\u0448\u0438\u0431\u043e\u0447\u043d\u043e \u043f\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0438\u0442\u044c \u0441\u0442\u0440\u0443\u043a\u0442\u0443\u0440\u043d\u0443\u044e \u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0443\u043b\u0443 \u0441\u043e\u0435\u0434\u0438\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f, \u0430 \u0442\u0430\u043a\u0436\u0435 \u043e\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0438\u0442\u044c \u0435\u0433\u043e \u0441\u0432\u043e\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430.&nbsp;<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table><tbody><tr><td><strong>\u041c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u043e \u043b\u0438 \u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0449\u0430\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u043a \u043e\u0440\u0433\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u043c \u0432\u0435\u0449\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430\u043c \u043f\u043e \u0438\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0438 \u0438 \u043e\u0442\u0447\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0443?<\/strong><br><br>\u0412 1870 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0443 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u0438 \u0440\u0443\u0441\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0444\u0438\u0437\u0438\u043a\u043e-\u0445\u0438\u043c\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043e\u0431\u0449\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430 \u0445\u043e\u0442\u0435\u043b\u0438 \u0432\u0432\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u0443 \u043d\u0430\u0446\u0438\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043d\u0430\u0437\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u0445\u0438\u043c\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0445 \u0441\u043e\u0435\u0434\u0438\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0439. \u0410\u043a\u0442\u0438\u0432\u043d\u043e \u0440\u0430\u0441\u0441\u043c\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0432\u0430\u043b\u043e\u0441\u044c \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043b\u043e\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043d\u0430\u0437\u044b\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0445\u0438\u043c\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0435 \u0441\u043e\u0435\u0434\u0438\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043f\u043e \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043d\u0446\u0438\u043f\u0443 \u0442\u043e\u0433\u043e, \u043a\u0430\u043a \u0432 \u0440\u0443\u0441\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043c \u044f\u0437\u044b\u043a\u0430 \u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u044f\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0438\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0430 \u043b\u044e\u0434\u0435\u0439. \u041d\u0430\u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0440, KCl \u2014 \u043a\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0439 \u0445\u043b\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0438\u0447, KClO<sub>3<\/sub> \u2014 \u043a\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0439 \u0445\u043b\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0438\u0447 \u0442\u0440\u0438\u043a\u0438\u0441\u043b\u043e\u0432.&nbsp;<br><br>\u041d\u043e \u044d\u0442\u0430 \u0438\u0434\u0435\u044f \u0431\u044b\u043b\u0430 \u043e\u0442\u043b\u043e\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0430. \u0422\u0430\u043a \u043a\u0430\u043a \u0431\u043e\u043b\u0435\u0435 \u0443\u0434\u043e\u0431\u043d\u043e \u0432\u0441\u0435-\u0442\u0430\u043a\u0438 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0434\u0435\u0440\u0436\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u043c\u0435\u0436\u0434\u0443\u043d\u0430\u0440\u043e\u0434\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0438\u043b, \u0447\u0442\u043e\u0431\u044b \u041a\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0439 \u0425\u043b\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0438\u0447 \u043d\u0435 \u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043b\u0441\u044f \u043d\u0435\u0437\u0430\u043c\u0435\u0447\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u043c \u0432 \u043b\u044e\u0431\u043e\u0439 \u0434\u0440\u0443\u0433\u043e\u0439 \u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0435.&nbsp;<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0427\u0442\u043e\u0431\u044b \u043d\u0430\u0437\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0432\u0435\u0449\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e \u0441\u043e\u0433\u043b\u0430\u0441\u043d\u043e \u043d\u043e\u043c\u0435\u043d\u043a\u043b\u0430\u0442\u0443\u0440\u0435 \u0418\u042e\u041f\u0410\u041a, \u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u0443\u044e\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u0443\u044e\u0449\u0438\u043c \u0430\u043b\u0433\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0442\u043c\u043e\u043c.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"has-text-align-center wp-block-heading\" id=\"\u043d\u043e\u043c\u0435\u043d\u043a\u043b\u0430\u0442\u0443\u0440\u0430_\u0430\u043b\u043a\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\"><strong id=\"\u043d\u043e\u043c\u0435\u043d\u043a\u043b\u0430\u0442\u0443\u0440\u0430_\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0445_\u043e\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0430\u0442\u043e\u043c\u043d\u044b\u0445_\u0441\u043f\u0438\u0440\u0442\u043e\u0432\"><span id=\"\u043d\u043e\u043c\u0435\u043d\u043a\u043b\u0430\u0442\u0443\u0440\u0430_\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0445_\u043c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e\u0430\u0442\u043e\u043c\u043d\u044b\u0445_\u0441\u043f\u0438\u0440\u0442\u043e\u0432\"><\/span><span id=\"\u043d\u043e\u043c\u0435\u043d\u043a\u043b\u0430\u0442\u0443\u0440\u0430_\u043a\u0430\u0440\u0431\u043e\u043d\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0445_\u043a\u0438\u0441\u043b\u043e\u0442\"><\/span>\u0410\u043b\u0433\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0442\u043c \u0441\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043d\u0430\u0437\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0445\u0438\u043c\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0441\u043e\u0435\u0434\u0438\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u0428\u0430\u0433 1.<\/strong> \u041f\u043e\u0434\u0441\u0447\u0438\u0442\u0430\u0442\u044c \u043a\u043e\u043b\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e \u0430\u0442\u043e\u043c\u043e\u0432 \u0443\u0433\u043b\u0435\u0440\u043e\u0434\u0430 \u0432 \u0441\u0430\u043c\u043e\u0439 \u0434\u043b\u0438\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0443\u0433\u043b\u0435\u0440\u043e\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0446\u0435\u043f\u0438. \u042d\u0442\u043e \u0434\u0430\u0441\u0442 \u043d\u0430\u043c \u043a\u043e\u0440\u0435\u043d\u044c \u043d\u0430\u0437\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter size-large is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"\/library\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/5-34-1024x146.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-11222\" width=\"768\" height=\"110\" srcset=\"\/library\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/5-34-1024x146.png 1024w, \/library\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/5-34-300x43.png 300w, \/library\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/5-34-768x109.png 768w, \/library\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/5-34-1536x219.png 1536w, \/library\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/5-34-2048x292.png 2048w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 768px) 100vw, 768px\" \/><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u0428\u0430\u0433 2. <\/strong>\u0417\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043c \u043c\u044b \u043d\u0443\u043c\u0435\u0440\u0443\u0435\u043c \u0435\u0435 \u0441 \u0442\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043a\u0440\u0430\u044f, \u043a \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u0431\u043b\u0438\u0436\u0435 \u043d\u0430\u0445\u043e\u0434\u044f\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0444\u0443\u043d\u043a\u0446\u0438\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0433\u0440\u0443\u043f\u043f\u044b (\u0440\u0430\u0434\u0438\u043a\u0430\u043b\u044b) \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u043a\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0441\u0432\u044f\u0437\u044c. \u041a\u0430\u0436\u0434\u044b\u0439 \u0432\u0438\u0434 \u0441\u0432\u044f\u0437\u0438 (\u043e\u0434\u0438\u043d\u0430\u0440\u043d\u0430\u044f, \u0434\u0432\u043e\u0439\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0438 \u0442\u0440\u043e\u0439\u043d\u0430\u044f) \u0438\u043c\u0435\u0435\u0442 \u0432 \u043d\u0430\u0437\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0438 \u0432\u0435\u0449\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430 \u0441\u043e\u0431\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0441\u0443\u0444\u0444\u0438\u043a\u0441. \u041f\u0440\u0438 \u044d\u0442\u043e\u043c \u043d\u0435\u043e\u0431\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0438\u043c\u043e \u043d\u0435 \u0437\u0430\u0431\u044b\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u0438\u0442\u044c \u043d\u043e\u043c\u0435\u0440 \u0430\u0442\u043e\u043c\u0430 C, \u043f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0435 \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0440\u0430\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0430 \u043a\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0441\u0432\u044f\u0437\u044c:&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter size-large is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"\/library\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/6-34-1024x351.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-11224\" width=\"512\" height=\"176\" srcset=\"\/library\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/6-34-1024x351.png 1024w, \/library\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/6-34-300x103.png 300w, \/library\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/6-34-768x263.png 768w, \/library\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/6-34-1536x526.png 1536w, \/library\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/6-34.png 1892w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 512px) 100vw, 512px\" \/><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter size-large is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"\/library\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/7-31-1024x391.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-11225\" width=\"512\" height=\"196\" srcset=\"\/library\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/7-31-1024x391.png 1024w, \/library\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/7-31-300x115.png 300w, \/library\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/7-31-768x294.png 768w, \/library\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/7-31-1536x587.png 1536w, \/library\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/7-31-2048x783.png 2048w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 512px) 100vw, 512px\" \/><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em>\u0423 <\/em><strong><em>\u043f\u0440\u043e\u043f\u0435\u043d\u0430 <\/em><\/strong><em>\u043d\u0435 \u0438\u043c\u0435\u0435\u0442 \u0441\u043c\u044b\u0441\u043b\u0430 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u0438\u0442\u044c \u0435\u0434\u0438\u043d\u0438\u0446\u0443. \u0414\u0430\u0436\u0435 \u0435\u0441\u043b\u0438 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u0438\u0442\u044c \u0434\u0432\u043e\u0439\u043d\u0443\u044e \u0441\u0432\u044f\u0437\u044c, \u043e\u043d\u0430 \u0432\u0441\u0435 \u0440\u0430\u0432\u043d\u043e \u0431\u0443\u0434\u0435\u0442 \u0443 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0432\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0430\u0442\u043e\u043c\u0430, \u0438\u0431\u043e, \u043a\u0430\u043a \u0433\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0440\u0438\u043b\u043e\u0441\u044c \u0432\u044b\u0448\u0435, \u043c\u044b \u0441\u0447\u0438\u0442\u0430\u0435\u043c \u0430\u0442\u043e\u043c\u044b \u0443\u0433\u043b\u0435\u0440\u043e\u0434\u0430 \u0441 \u0442\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043a\u0440\u0430\u044f, \u0433\u0434\u0435 \u0431\u043b\u0438\u0436\u0435 \u043a\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0441\u0432\u044f\u0437\u0438.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u0428\u0430\u0433 3.<\/strong>&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>\u0415\u0441\u043b\u0438 \u0432\u0435\u0449\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e \u0446\u0438\u043a\u043b\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f, \u0442\u043e \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0434 \u043d\u0430\u0447\u0430\u043b\u043e\u043c \u043d\u0430\u0437\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u0438\u043c \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043a\u0443 <strong>\u0446\u0438\u043a\u043b\u043e-<\/strong>.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>\u0415\u0441\u043b\u0438 \u0432 \u0441\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u0435 \u0432\u0435\u0449\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430 \u0435\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0444\u0443\u043d\u043a\u0446\u0438\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0433\u0440\u0443\u043f\u043f\u0430, \u043e\u043d\u0430 \u0442\u0430\u043a\u0436\u0435 \u0438\u043c\u0435\u0435\u0442 \u0441\u0432\u043e\u0439 \u0441\u0443\u0444\u0444\u0438\u043a\u0441 \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043a\u0443.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><tbody><tr><td>\u0410\u043c\u0438\u043d\u043e-\u0433\u0440\u0443\u043f\u043f\u0430<\/td><td><strong>\u0430\u043c\u0438\u043d\u043e-<\/strong><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\u0413\u0438\u0434\u0440\u043e\u043a\u0438\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0433\u0440\u0443\u043f\u043f\u0430<\/td><td><strong>\u0433\u0438\u0434\u0440\u043e\u043a\u0441\u0438-<\/strong><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\u041a\u0430\u0440\u0431\u043e\u043d\u0438\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0433\u0440\u0443\u043f\u043f\u0430<\/td><td><strong>-\u043e\u043d<\/strong><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\u0410\u043b\u044c\u0434\u0435\u0433\u0438\u0434\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0433\u0440\u0443\u043f\u043f\u0430<\/td><td><strong>-\u0430\u043b\u044c<\/strong><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\u041a\u0430\u0440\u0431\u043e\u043a\u0441\u0438\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0433\u0440\u0443\u043f\u043f\u0430<\/td><td><strong>\u043a\u0430\u0440\u0431\u043e\u043a\u0441\u0438-<\/strong> \u0438\u043b\u0438 <strong>-\u043e\u0432\u0430\u044f \u043a\u0438\u0441\u043b\u043e\u0442\u0430<\/strong><\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>\u0412 \u0441\u043b\u0443\u0447\u0430\u0435 \u043d\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u0438\u0445 \u043e\u0434\u0438\u043d\u0430\u043a\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0445 \u0444\u0443\u043d\u043a\u0446\u0438\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0433\u0440\u0443\u043f\u043f \u0434\u043e\u0431\u0430\u0432\u043b\u044f\u0435\u043c \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043a\u0438 \u0434\u0438-(2), \u0442\u0440\u0438-(3), \u0442\u0435\u0442\u0440\u0430-(4). \u041e\u0431\u044f\u0437\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e \u0443\u043a\u0430\u0437\u044b\u0432\u0430\u0435\u043c \u043d\u043e\u043c\u0435\u0440 \u0430\u0442\u043e\u043c\u0430, \u043a \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u043e\u0442\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0438\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0433\u0440\u0443\u043f\u043f\u0430.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0420\u0430\u0441\u0441\u043c\u043e\u0442\u0440\u0438\u043c \u043d\u0430 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u043a\u0440\u0435\u0442\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0445.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter size-large is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"\/library\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/8-29-1024x432.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-11226\" width=\"512\" height=\"216\" srcset=\"\/library\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/8-29-1024x432.png 1024w, \/library\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/8-29-300x126.png 300w, \/library\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/8-29-768x324.png 768w, \/library\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/8-29-1536x648.png 1536w, \/library\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/8-29-2048x863.png 2048w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 512px) 100vw, 512px\" \/><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0418\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u0443\u044f \u044d\u0442\u0438 \u0440\u0435\u043a\u043e\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0434\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438, \u0432\u0430\u043c \u043b\u0435\u0433\u043a\u043e \u0431\u0443\u0434\u0435\u0442 \u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0438\u0442\u044c \u043d\u0430\u0437\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043e\u0440\u0433\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0445 \u0432\u0435\u0449\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\" id=\"\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0432\u0438\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0435_\u043d\u0430\u0437\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f_\u043e\u0440\u0433\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0445_\u0441\u043e\u0435\u0434\u0438\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0439\">\u041e\u0434\u043d\u0430\u043a\u043e \u0445\u0438\u043c\u0438\u043a\u0438 \u2014 \u043d\u0430\u0440\u043e\u0434 \u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0447\u043d\u043e \u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0432\u044b\u0439. \u0418 \u0445\u043e\u0442\u044c \u0418\u042e\u041f\u0410\u041a \u0441\u0442\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0438\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0441\u0432\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u043e\u0431\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u044f\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043a \u043d\u0443\u043b\u044e, \u0430\u043a\u0442\u0438\u0432\u043d\u043e \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u0443\u044e\u0442\u0441\u044f <strong>\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0432\u0438\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0435<\/strong> <strong>\u043d\u0430\u0437\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f<\/strong>. \u041e\u043d\u0438 \u043d\u0435 \u043e\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0436\u0430\u044e\u0442 \u0441\u0442\u0440\u0443\u043a\u0442\u0443\u0440\u0443 \u0432\u0435\u0449\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430, \u0430 \u0437\u0430\u043a\u0440\u0435\u043f\u0438\u043b\u0438\u0441\u044c \u0437\u0430 \u043d\u0438\u043c \u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438, \u0431\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0448\u0435 \u0441\u0432\u044f\u0437\u0430\u043d\u044b \u0441 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0438\u0441\u0445\u043e\u0436\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435\u043c \u0432\u0435\u0449\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430 \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u0435\u0433\u043e \u0441\u0432\u043e\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430\u043c\u0438.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0427\u0430\u0441\u0442\u043e \u0442\u0440\u0438\u0432\u0438\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043d\u0430\u0437\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043b\u0435\u0433\u0447\u0435 \u0432\u044b\u0433\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0442\u044c, \u0447\u0435\u043c \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0435. <em>\u0421\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043d\u0438\u0442\u0435: \u043f\u0440\u043e\u043f\u0430\u043d\u0442\u0440\u0438\u043e\u043b-1,2,3 \u0438 \u0433\u043b\u0438\u0446\u0435\u0440\u0438\u043d.&nbsp;<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0421 \u0441\u0430\u043c\u044b\u043c\u0438 \u043f\u043e\u043f\u0443\u043b\u044f\u0440\u043d\u044b\u043c\u0438 \u0442\u0440\u0438\u0432\u0438\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u043c\u0438 \u043d\u0430\u0437\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f\u043c\u0438 \u0432\u044b \u0443\u0436\u0435 \u043d\u0430\u0432\u0435\u0440\u043d\u044f\u043a\u0430 \u0432\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0435\u0447\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0441\u044c: \u0443\u043a\u0441\u0443\u0441\u043d\u0430\u044f \u043a\u0438\u0441\u043b\u043e\u0442\u0430 (\u044d\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0430\u044f \u043a\u0438\u0441\u043b\u043e\u0442\u0430), \u0430\u0446\u0435\u0442\u0438\u043b\u0435\u043d (\u044d\u0442\u0438\u043d), \u0442\u043e\u043b\u0443\u043e\u043b (\u043c\u0435\u0442\u0438\u043b\u0431\u0435\u043d\u0437\u043e\u043b).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0422\u0440\u0438\u0432\u0438\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043d\u0430\u0437\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u0441\u0443\u0449\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0443\u0435\u0442 \u043d\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u043e \u0441\u043e\u0442\u0435\u043d, \u0432\u044b\u0443\u0447\u0438\u0442\u044c \u0438\u0445 \u0432\u0441\u0435, \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0435\u0447\u043d\u043e, \u043d\u0435\u0432\u043e\u0437\u043c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u043e. \u041d\u043e \u0441\u0430\u043c\u044b\u0435 \u0448\u0438\u0440\u043e\u043a\u043e \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u0443\u0435\u043c\u044b\u0435 \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0442\u044c \u043d\u0443\u0436\u043d\u043e, \u0432\u0435\u0434\u044c \u0432\u043e \u043c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u0438\u0445 \u0441\u043b\u0443\u0447\u0430\u044f\u0445 \u0442\u0440\u0438\u0432\u0438\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u043d\u0430\u0437\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u0443\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043d\u0430\u043c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0447\u0430\u0449\u0435, \u0447\u0435\u043c \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0435.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"has-text-align-center wp-block-heading\"><strong>\u0424\u0430\u043a\u0442\u0447\u0435\u043a<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>\u0423 \u043a\u0430\u0436\u0434\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043e\u0440\u0433\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0441\u043e\u0435\u0434\u0438\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0435\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0438\u043c\u044f, \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0435 \u0434\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0432 \u0441\u043e\u043e\u0442\u0432\u0435\u0442\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0438\u0438 \u0441 \u043e\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u043c\u0438 \u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0438\u043b\u0430\u043c\u0438 \u0438\u0437 <strong>\u043d\u043e\u043c\u0435\u043d\u043a\u043b\u0430\u0442\u0443\u0440\u044b<\/strong>.<\/li><li>\u041a\u043e\u0440\u0435\u043d\u044c \u0441\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0430 \u043e\u0431\u043e\u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0430\u0435\u0442 <strong>\u043a\u043e\u043b\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e \u0430\u0442\u043e\u043c\u043e\u0432 \u0443\u0433\u043b\u0435\u0440\u043e\u0434\u0430<\/strong>, \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0435 \u0432\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0442 \u0432 \u0433\u043b\u0430\u0432\u043d\u0443\u044e \u0446\u0435\u043f\u044c.<\/li><li>\u0421 \u043f\u043e\u043c\u043e\u0449\u044c\u044e \u0440\u0430\u0437\u043b\u0438\u0447\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0441\u0443\u0444\u0444\u0438\u043a\u0441\u043e\u0432 \u043c\u044b \u043e\u0431\u043e\u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0430\u0435\u043c <strong>\u0444\u0443\u043d\u043a\u0446\u0438\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0433\u0440\u0443\u043f\u043f\u044b<\/strong>, \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0435 \u0432\u0445\u043e\u0434\u044f\u0442 \u0432 \u0441\u043e\u0435\u0434\u0438\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435.<\/li><li>\u0412\u0435\u0449\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430, \u0438\u043c\u0435\u044e\u0449\u0438\u0435 \u0441\u0445\u043e\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0438 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u043b\u0438\u0447\u0430\u044e\u0449\u0435\u0435\u0441\u044f \u0442\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u043e \u043d\u0430 \u043e\u0434\u043d\u0443 \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u043d\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u043e -CH<sub>2<\/sub> &#8212; \u0433\u0440\u0443\u043f\u043f, \u043d\u0430\u0437\u044b\u0432\u0430\u044e\u0442\u0441\u044f <strong>\u0433\u043e\u043c\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0433\u0430\u043c\u0438<\/strong>.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"has-text-align-center wp-block-heading\"><strong>\u041f\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u044c \u0441\u0435\u0431\u044f<\/strong>&nbsp;<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u0417\u0430\u0434\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435 1.<\/strong><br>\u0421\u0443\u0444\u0444\u0438\u043a\u0441 -\u0430\u043d \u0432 \u0441\u043e\u0435\u0434\u0438\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0438 \u043e\u0431\u043e\u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043d\u0430\u0434\u043b\u0435\u0436\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0432\u0435\u0449\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430 \u043a \u043a\u043b\u0430\u0441\u0441\u0443:&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>\u0430\u043b\u043a\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432<\/li><li>\u0430\u043b\u043a\u0435\u043d\u043e\u0432<\/li><li>\u0430\u043b\u043a\u0438\u043d\u043e\u0432<\/li><li>\u0430\u0440\u0435\u043d\u043e\u0432<\/li><\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u0417\u0430\u0434\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435 2.<\/strong><br>\u0412\u0435\u0449\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430 \u0438\u0437 \u043a\u0430\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043a\u043b\u0430\u0441\u0441\u0430 \u0441\u043e\u0435\u0434\u0438\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u0441\u043e\u0434\u0435\u0440\u0436\u0430\u0442 \u0432 \u0441\u0432\u043e\u0435\u043c \u0441\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u0435 \u043a\u0438\u0441\u043b\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0434?&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>\u0430\u043b\u043a\u0438\u043d\u044b<\/li><li>\u0430\u043c\u0438\u043d\u044b<\/li><li>\u0444\u0435\u043d\u043e\u043b\u044b<\/li><li>\u043d\u0438\u0442\u0440\u0438\u043b\u044b<\/li><\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u0417\u0430\u0434\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435 3.<\/strong><br>\u041a\u0430\u043a\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u043a\u043b\u0430\u0441\u0441\u0443 \u0441\u043e\u0435\u0434\u0438\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u0441\u043e\u043e\u0442\u0432\u0435\u0442\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0443\u0435\u0442 \u043e\u0431\u0449\u0430\u044f \u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0443\u043b\u0430 C<sub>n<\/sub>H<sub>2n+1<\/sub>NO<sub>2<\/sub>?&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>\u0430\u043c\u0438\u043d\u044b<\/li><li>\u043d\u0438\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0441\u043e\u0435\u0434\u0438\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f<\/li><li>\u043d\u0438\u0442\u0440\u0438\u043b\u044b<\/li><li>\u0430\u043b\u044c\u0434\u0435\u0433\u0438\u0434\u044b<\/li><\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u0417\u0430\u0434\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435 4.<\/strong><br>\u041a\u0430\u043a\u0430\u044f \u043f\u0430\u0440\u0430 \u0432\u0435\u0449\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432 \u044f\u0432\u043b\u044f\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0433\u043e\u043c\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0433\u0430\u043c\u0438?&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>\u044d\u0442\u0430\u043d \u0438 \u044d\u0442\u0438\u043b\u0435\u043d<\/li><li>\u044d\u0442\u0438\u043b\u0435\u043d \u0438 \u0430\u0446\u0435\u0442\u0438\u043b\u0435\u043d<\/li><li>\u043f\u0440\u043e\u043f\u0430\u043d \u0438 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u043f\u0438\u043d<\/li><li>\u0430\u0446\u0435\u0442\u0438\u043b\u0435\u043d \u0438 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u043f\u0438\u043d&nbsp;<\/li><\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u041e\u0442\u0432\u0435\u0442\u044b: 1.<\/strong> \u2014 1; <strong>2.<\/strong> \u2014 3; <strong>3.<\/strong> \u2014 2; <strong>4.<\/strong> \u2014 4.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u041d\u0430 \u044d\u0442\u043e\u0439 \u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0446\u0435 \u0432\u044b \u0443\u0437\u043d\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0435&nbsp; \u0415\u0441\u0442\u044c \u043b\u0438 \u0443 \u043e\u0440\u0433\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0445 \u0432\u0435\u0449\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432 \u0440\u043e\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u0438\u043a\u0438? \u041c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u043e \u043b\u0438 \u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0449\u0430\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u043a \u043e\u0440\u0433\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u043c \u0432\u0435\u0449\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430\u043c \u043f\u043e \u0438\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0438 \u0438 \u043e\u0442\u0447\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0443? \u041e\u0445, \u043a\u0430\u043a \u0436\u0435 \u043e\u0440\u0433\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0435 \u0432\u0435\u0449\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430 \u0441\u0442\u0440\u0435\u043c\u044f\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043d\u0430\u0441 \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0443\u0442\u0430\u0442\u044c. \u041e\u0434\u043d\u043e \u0438 \u0442\u043e \u0436\u0435 \u0432\u0435\u0449\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e \u0438\u043c\u0435\u0435\u0442 \u043d\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u043e \u043d\u0430\u0437\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0439, \u043e\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0438 \u0442\u043e\u0439 \u0436\u0435 \u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0443\u043b\u0435 \u0441\u043e\u043e\u0442\u0432\u0435\u0442\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0443\u044e\u0442 \u043d\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u043e \u0432\u0435\u0449\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432. \u041d\u043e, \u043a \u0441\u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u044c\u044e, \u0447\u0435\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0435\u043a\u0443 \u0443\u0434\u0430\u043b\u043e\u0441\u044c \u0443\u043a\u0440\u043e\u0442\u0438\u0442\u044c \u043e\u0440\u0433\u0430\u043d\u0438\u043a\u0443, \u0438 \u0432\u0441\u0435 \u043e\u0440\u0433\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0435 [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":20005,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[2],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-11216","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-himiya"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.6 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>\u041a\u043b\u0430\u0441\u0441\u0438\u0444\u0438\u043a\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044f \u043e\u0440\u0433\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0445 \u0432\u0435\u0449\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432. \u041d\u043e\u043c\u0435\u043d\u043a\u043b\u0430\u0442\u0443\u0440\u0430 \u043e\u0440\u0433\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0445 \u0432\u0435\u0449\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432 (\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0432\u0438\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0438 \u043c\u0435\u0436\u0434\u0443\u043d\u0430\u0440\u043e\u0434\u043d\u0430\u044f) - \u0423\u043c\u0441\u043a\u0443\u043b \u0423\u0447\u0435\u0431\u043d\u0438\u043a<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/umschool.net\/library\/himiya\/klassifikacziya-organicheskih-veshhestv-nomenklatura-organicheskih-veshhestv-trivialnaya-i-mezhdunarodnaya\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"ru_RU\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"\u041a\u043b\u0430\u0441\u0441\u0438\u0444\u0438\u043a\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044f \u043e\u0440\u0433\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0445 \u0432\u0435\u0449\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432. \u041d\u043e\u043c\u0435\u043d\u043a\u043b\u0430\u0442\u0443\u0440\u0430 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\u043a \u0441\u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u044c\u044e, \u0447\u0435\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0435\u043a\u0443 \u0443\u0434\u0430\u043b\u043e\u0441\u044c \u0443\u043a\u0440\u043e\u0442\u0438\u0442\u044c \u043e\u0440\u0433\u0430\u043d\u0438\u043a\u0443, \u0438 \u0432\u0441\u0435 \u043e\u0440\u0433\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0435 [&hellip;]\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/umschool.net\/library\/himiya\/klassifikacziya-organicheskih-veshhestv-nomenklatura-organicheskih-veshhestv-trivialnaya-i-mezhdunarodnaya\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"\u0423\u043c\u0441\u043a\u0443\u043b \u0423\u0447\u0435\u0431\u043d\u0438\u043a\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2022-12-28T15:15:00+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2023-01-25T16:45:56+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/umschool.net\/library\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/snimok-ekrana-2022-12-28-181324.jpg\" 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